Ice mechanics. Compressibility. Fracture mechanics. Strains and stresses. Brittleness.
This work describes the effect of triaxial compressive confinement on the strength of columnar S2 ice loaded under conditions leading to brittle failure. Cubes of columnar S2 ice were tested at -10 °C under triaxial (proportional) loading where...
The purpose of this thesis is to describe methods for detecting hidden crevasses on glaciers in Polar regions. Crevasses form in ice sheets as a result of forces imposed upon the brittle ice. The crevasses are hidden from view by bridges of soft...
The overarching goal of this thesis was two-fold. First, to determine if the effects of chronic anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) treatment on anxiety-like behaviors are sex-specific and second to determine how different environmental modulators...
Two localized spectroscopic imaging methods were investigated to detect and discriminate microscopic pathologies at the surface of excised breast tissues in order to improve resection completeness during breast conserving surgery. A scanning in...
Spatial heterogeneity inherent in ecological systems impacts both diversity and community structure. However, little is known about the influence of habitat heterogeneity on temporal variability in communities. I performed several studies to...
Purple sulfur bacteria (PSB) can dominate the nitrogen, carbon, and sulfur cycles in anoxic ecosystems via their anoxygenic photosynthetic metabolisms and are the only producers of the carotenoid, okenone, a biomarker targeted for photic zone...
Nanoparticles have made significant advances in recent years in the realm of cancer therapy. These nanoparticles typically range in size from 10-250nm in diameter, allowing for differential systemic-based biodistribution. The enhanced permeability...
Recent years have witnessed a new class of monitoring applications that need to continuously collect information from remote data sources. Those data sources, such as web click-streams, stock quotes, and sensor data, are often characterized as...
Robots -- Control systems -- Design and construction. Mobile robots. Robots -- Dynamics.
This thesis examines the issues of vehicle and information dynamics in the control of a multi-robot system using a radial-basis potential function controller. Distributed control of multi-robot systems requires each robot to communicate state...
Nutrients play fundamental roles in biological systems, affecting plant growth and quality, community structure, and species interactions. Although the effects of nutrients on primary and secondary production have been well documented, their...
Regulatory linkage between epibiotic organisms and their host zooplankton populations is one of the least understood topics in zooplankton biology, despite the likely importance of epibionts to pelagic communities. These laboratory studies with...
Optical tomography. ; Near infrared spectroscopy. ; Image analysis -- Mathematical models. ; Imaging systems -- Image quality -- Mathematical models. ; Image reconstruction -- Mathematical models. ; Least squares. Breast -- Tomography.
Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) has the potential to become a non-invasive and non-ionizing diagnostic imaging technique for breast cancer imaging. DOT uses near-infrared (NIR) light to illuminate the breast, generally through the use of fiber...
Humans have a seemingly unique capacity to reflect upon information about the self to form evaluative attitudes that influence their quality of life and predict mental health outcomes. While psychologists have devoted decades of research to the...
The accelerated expansion of space in the Universe has been known for two decades. However, finding a plausible theory that describes this expansion is more difficult: Taking general relativity for granted requires us to stipulate the existence of...
The image of a child standing at the side of a creek and skipping stones across it exemplifies how we tend to mentally separate aquatic habitats from dry land. But there is a constant exchange of materials from land to streams, and vice-versa....
Cupredoxins, such as stellacyanin, plastocyanin, amicyanin, rusticyanin, and azurin perform electron transfer (ET) reactions with partner protein(s) in the cell. The role of the redox cofactor in these proteins is played by a copper ion, which...
This dissertation examines the behavioral and physiological adaptations employed by modern humans to subsist in tropical rainforests. I employ various theoretical and methodological approaches to test hypotheses using empirical data from African...
The ectomycorrhizal symbiosis between temperate forest trees and some soil fungi is an adaptation to resource limitations of both symbionts. Nitrogen enrichment of historically N-limited forest ecosystems may change this symbiosis through direct...
Air -- Pollution. ; Indoor air pollution. ; Air -- Pollution -- Measurement.
The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content of ambient air at several locations is described. The indoor sites examined included those having woodstoves, fireplaces, and kerosene heaters as supplements to oil heat, as well as one test home...
Clinical medicine -- Decision making -- Mathematical models. ; Diagnosis Laboratory. ; Medical screening -- Mathematical models. ; Osteoporosis -- Diagnosis. ; Mycobacterial diseases -- Diagnosis.
This dissertation focuses on the use of decision analysis to study the optimal use of medical tests. The classic threshold model of clinical decision making provides methodological background and motivation for the dissertation. In this model,...
The thesis is dedicated to the understanding and characterization of brittle compressive fracture of columnar S2 ice. The work quantifies the strength of fresh-water S2 ice and investigates its characteristic brittle failure modes under biaxial...
Community health services -- United States -- Evaluation. ; Health care reform -- United States. ; Medical care -- United States -- Evaluation. ; Evidence-based medicine.
The Cerenkov Maser radiation is examined using linear and nonlinear theory. Linear theories for the gain in the single particle and the collective limits have been given previously. In this work, we show the connections between these two operating...
Dipterocarpaceae -- Ecology -- Indonesia -- Kalimantan Barat. ; Rain forest ecology -- Indonesia -- Kalimantan Barat. ; Herbivores -- Ecology.
A decline in population growth as the abundance of a species increases can stabilize population size. In Western Borneo, I found evidence for such density dependence in juveniles of the genus Shorea (Dipterocarpaceae) that dominates southeast...
Within a species, the abundance of individuals varies in time and space. This dissertation research examines processes giving rise to patterns of spatial and temporal variation in the abundance of multiple species of forest-breeding migratory...