Dartmouth Digital Library Program

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Biochemical and structural studies of prion protein misfolding / by Geoffrey P. Noble
The transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), also known as the prion diseases, are a unique group of fatal neurodegenerative diseases affecting humans and other mammals that have infectious, inherited and sporadic etiologies. A central...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Characterization of the interaction between Staphylococcus aureus and the cystic fibrosis cell line CFT-1.
Cystic fibrosis -- Immunological aspects. Cystic fibrosis -- Genetic aspects. Staphylococcus aureus infections -- Pathogenesis. Epithelial cells. Lungs -- Pathophysiology.
Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are susceptible to respiratory tract infections at an early age; with the most frequent initial isolate being the Gram-positive pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Subsequently, these patients become chronically...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Capillary flow of superfluid helium at 0.45°K.
Superfluidity. Liquid helium.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Examining functional variation in oncogene biology : the role of somatic mutations and germline variation on c-Myc and c-Myb / by Scott Andrew Turner.
The identification and characterization of functional genetic variation is essential for future advances in molecular diagnostics, pharmacogenomics, and personalized medicine. Recent attempts at identifying nucleotide level variation (somatic...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Leptin DNA methylation and maternal and infant pregnancy outcomes in the Rhode Island child health study / by Corina Lesseur Perez.
In utero exposure to maternal malnutrition is associated with increase offspring susceptibility to cardiometabolic and neuropsychiatric disease. Epigenetic mechanisms mediate, at least in part, fetal adaptations to adverse in utero environments...
Dartmouth Dissertations

SGA screen identifies a cytoplasmic role for Dbp5/Rat8 and a novel player in nuclear pore complex biogenesis.
Nuclear membranes. Membrane proteins. Genetic regulation.
The coordination and coupling of the several steps in mRNA biogenesis helps to ensure proper regulation of gene expression. The DEAD-box helicase Dbp5/Rat8 is an essential mRNA export factor that has also been implicated in other steps of mRNA...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The cognitive dynamics underlying decision-making : interactions between attention memory and reward in action control / by Kanghoon Jung.
A fundamental question in decision neuroscience is how cognitive processes underlying decision-making give rise to efficient decisions, especially in complex situations with multiple choice options, and each option consisting of multiple attributes...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Transcriptional regulation of the neuronal nACh receptor ?4 subunit gene.
Nicotinic receptors -- Genetic aspects. Gene expression. Molecular genetics.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Characterization of factors critical for initial stages of Vibrio cholerae intestinal colonization.
Vibrio cholerae -- Molecular genetics. ; Bacteria -- Adhesion. ; Virulence (Microbiology) -- Molecular aspects. ; Pili (Microbiology). ; DNA-binding proteins. ; Cholera -- Pathogenesis.
Vibrio cholerae is the etiologic agent of cholera in humans. Intestinal colonization occurs via ingestion of contaminated food and water and results in symptoms that include the production of the characteristic rice water stool, vomiting, and...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The role of the genes tra-4 and glp-5 in C. elegans development.
Caenorhabditis elegans -- Genetics. ; Caenorhabditis elegans -- Generative organs. ; Caenorhabditis elegans -- Development. ; Genetic transcription -- Regulation.
Sex determination in C. elegans leads to the development of sex-specific structures and contributes to the regulation of sexually dimorphic programmed cell death. A search for factors that regulate the sexually dimorphic cell death of the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The ecology of Vibrio cholerae: intra- and interspecific interactions.
Vibrio cholerae -- Ecology. Vibrio cholerae -- Growth. Cyanobacteria -- Ecology.
In this dissertation, I present an examination of the role of two biotic interactions in the population dynamics of Vibrio cholerae. Traits with a genetic basis such as size, physiological processes, stress tolerance, and even behavior, are key...
Dartmouth Dissertations

microRNA in Porifera : evolution of a molecular mechanism in sponges / by Jeffrey Robinson
Sponges are a historically ambiguous taxon, often considered primitively simple representatives of early Metazoa, living fossils from the era before the complex morphological features of the bilaterian phyla appeared in the Cambrian. Yet recent...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Identification of signaling pathways coordinating cell growth and division in fission yeast / by Lin Deng
Cell growth and division are coordinated to keep homeostasis of cell size. The components of the core machinery are conserved in a wide range of cell types. Fission yeast (S. pombe) has been an important model organism to study cell size control...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Eisosomes organize the plasma membrane of yeast / by Ruth V. Kabeche
The cortical cytoskeleton mediates a range of cellular activities such as endocytosis, cell motility, and the maintenance of cell rigidity. In yeast cells, prominent cortical structures called eisosomes generate specialized domains termed MCCs to...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Targeting kinetochore-microtubule stability affects chromosome segregation and tumor growth in mice / by Christopher D. Laucius
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is defined as a high rate of whole chromosome loss or gain and is a hallmark of many aneuploid solid tumors. CIN positively correlates with poor patient prognosis and chemotherapeutic resistance. The persistence of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Mitochondrial biogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: transcriptional control by glucose.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ; Glucose. ; Mitochondria. ; Gene fusion. ; Cytochromes. ; Mutation (Biology).
Dartmouth Dissertations

Regulation of dendritic cell biology in vitro and in vivo with biological response modifiers.
Dendritic cells. Biological response modifiers. Immune response -- Regulation. T cells. CD antigens. Dendritic Cells -- Immunology. Receptors
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that regulate antigen-specific T cell activation or tolerance. The maturation state of DCs is critical since immature DCs are believed to induce T cell tolerance whereas mature...
Dartmouth Dissertations

A comparison of the acute toxicity and teratogenic effects of succinonitrile and tetramethylsuccinonitrile: the role of cyanide.
Nitriles -- Toxicology. ; Teratogenic agents. ; Cyanides -- Toxicology.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Evolution in fickle environments: dispersal, specialization, and the problem of heterogeneity.
Caenorhabditis elegans -- Ecology. ; Ecological heterogeneity. ; Evolution (Biology). ; Adaptation (Biology). ; Nematodes -- Dispersal.
All ecological theories regarding the distribution and relative abundance of species refer to organisms'' abilities to utilize an environment and (sometimes implicitly) their ability to colonize and re-colonize habitats that change in character or...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Building a better trap: the use of iron dithiocarbamate complexes in the in vivo and ex vivo detection and quantification of nitric oxide.
Nitric oxide -- Analysis. ; Dithiocarbamates. ; Iron compounds. ; Organonitrogen compounds. ; Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Nitric oxide is synthesized by living organisms and plays important roles in circulatory, neurological, and immune function. Nitric oxide can also play pathophysiological roles, depending on the amount of the molecule, the presence of other species...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Glucocorticoid receptors in ATP-depleted WCL2 cells: dephosphorylation, loss of hormone binding, nuclear unextractibility and dissociation from HSP90.
Glucocorticoids -- Receptors. ; Hormones. ; Phosphorylation.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The biochemical basis of Th-dependent B cell activation.
B cells. ; T cells. ; Cell interaction. ; Body fluids -- Immunology.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The mitotic protein p62 is localized to the nucleolus during interphase.
Nucleoproteins. ; Mitosis. ; Nucleolus. ; Molecular biology.
Mitotic apparatuses from sea urchin embryos contain a protein (p62), previously shown to be required for mitotic progression. This protein localizes to the mitotic apparatus during cell division in urchin embryos and mammalian tissue culture cells....
Dartmouth Dissertations

Immunological and molecular characterization of a 62 kDa mitotic apparatus-associated protein important for mitotic progression.
Mitosis. ; Nucleoproteins. ; Sea urchins -- Embryos. ; Molecular biology.
A 62 kDa (p62) mitotic apparatus-associated protein has been shown to be important for the proper progression of mitosis in sea urchin embryos. The thesis project described here focuses on an immunological and a molecular characterization of p62....
Dartmouth Dissertations

Effects of selenium deficiency on deiodinase expression and thyroid hormone economy in the rat during development.
Thyroid hormones -- Physiological effect. ; Selenium -- Physiological effect. ; Thyroid hormones -- Synthesis.
The iodothyronine deiodinases, D1, D2, and D3, play a crucial role in determining the circulating and intracellular levels of active and inactive thyroid hormone (TH), and thus have a major effect on TH action during development and adulthood. The...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Hepatic T cells and MDSCs in TGF-ß1-deficient mice.
Chronic active hepatitis -- Pathogenesis. ; Suppressor cells. ; Transforming growth factors-beta. ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes -- immunology. ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 -- immunology.
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an autoimmune liver disease characterized by immune-mediated necroinflammatory liver damage associated with CD4 + T cell infiltration in liver parenchyma. Despite advances in the understanding of AIH, its etiology...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Functional analysis of cell cycle genes by genome-wide expression data and meta-analysis of RNAi screens.
Cell cycle -- Regulation. ; Genetic regulation. ; Small interfering RNA. ; Spindle (Cell division). ; Epithelial cells -- Genetic aspects. ; Mammary glands -- Cytology. ; Cell lines. ; Cell Cycle -- genetics. ; Genes cdc. ; RNA Interference. ;...
Successful traversal of the cell division cycle is paramount for maintaining a cell's genomic integrity and fitness. To ensure the faithful replication and segregation of the genome, cellular components, and cytoplasm, eukaryotes have evolved a...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Coupling of termination, 3' processing and mRNA export.
Messenger RNA -- Genetic aspects. ; Transcription factors. ; Genetic transcription -- Regulation. ; RNA-protein interactions. ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- Genetics.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The state of surface bound water on lysozyme.
Water. ; Molecular dynamics. ; Lysozyme.
Dartmouth Dissertations

A role for TP63 in breast cancer initiation.
Despite the availability of targeted therapies, breast cancer metastasis and recurrence remain clinically challenging problems. Understanding the function of stem cells in this disease may lead to identification of genetic pathways underlying...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Optical vibration detection with a four-point photoconductance-monitoring array.
Photoconductivity -- Measurement. ; Optical detectors -- Design and construction. ; Vibration -- Measurement.
This thesis reports work on a new device to detect changes in spatially nonuniform intensity distributions, and shows how this device can be applied to the particular problem of optical vibration detection. The phase of optical radiation is very...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Glucocorticoid receptor phosphorylation through the cell cycle.
Glucocorticoids -- Receptors. ; Phosphorylation.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Gene transfer in thermophilic Clostridium.
Clostridium -- Biotechnology. ; Genetic transformation. ; Restriction enzymes DNA.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Assisting human motion-tasks with minimal, real-time feedback.
Human locomotion -- Computer-assisted instruction. ; Real-time data processing. ; Human-computer interaction.
Teaching physical motions such as riding, exercising, swimming, etc. to human beings is hard. Coaches face difficulties in communicating their feedback verbally and cannot correct the student mid-action; teaching videos are two dimensional and...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Determinants of competitive outcome between rotifers and cladocerans.
Cladocera. ; Rotifera. ; Competition (Biology).
Dartmouth Dissertations

Multiple media correlation: theory and applications.
Multimedia systems -- Mathematical models. ; Information storage and retrieval systems. ; Machinery -- Alignment.
This thesis introduces multiple media correlation, a new technology for the automatic alignment of multiple media objects such as text, audio, and video. This research began with the question: what can be learned when multiple multimedia components...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Large bowel polyps: aspects of epidemiology and diagnosis.
Intestine, Large -- Cancer -- Epidemiology. ; Intestine.
Colorectal cancer is the fourth most common cancer diagnosis and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Most colorectal cancers are believed to develop from precursor lesions known as colorectal adenomas....
Dartmouth Dissertations

Fundamentals of microbial cellulose utilization by the thermophilic bacterium Clostridium thermocellum.
Clostridium -- Biotechnology. ; Cellulose -- Biodegradation. ; Thermophilic bacteria. ; Hydrolysis.
The thermophilic anaerobic bacterium Clostridium thermocellum has attracted researchers attention because of its potential industrial application and high cellulose hydrolysis rates. This study focuses on the physiological fundamentals of C....
Dartmouth Dissertations

The interplay between GATA4-FOG2 transcriptional regulation and the canonical WNT signaling pathway in mouse organogenesis.
Mice -- Morphogenesis. ; Mice -- Genetics. ; Transcription factors. ; Cellular signal transduction. ; Genetic regulation. ; GATA4 Transcription Factor -- genetics. ; Wnt Proteins -- physiology.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Peer education in eating disorder prevention: a large scale longitudinal analysis of program effectiveness.
Eating disorders -- Prevention -- Longitudinal studies. ; Eating disorders -- Treatment. ; Peer counseling of students.
Eating disorders are a persistent problem for women on college campuses across the country, and peer education programs are one method that colleges have employed to address these concerns. A previous study found that peer education is actually...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Localized spectroscopic imaging for the detection and discrimination of surgical breast tissue pathologies.
Two localized spectroscopic imaging methods were investigated to detect and discriminate microscopic pathologies at the surface of excised breast tissues in order to improve resection completeness during breast conserving surgery. A scanning in...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The role of Protein kinase C in FcαR and BCR trafficking to MHC class II-containing compartments and antigen presentation.
Protein kinase C. Antigen presenting cells. Antigens -- Receptors. T cells -- Receptors. Major histocompatibility complex -- Genetic aspects. CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes -- immunology. Histocompatibility Antigens Class II -- immunology. Receptors
Activation of CD4 T cells to exogenous antigens requires the formation and surface display of antigen-derived peptide-MHC class II complexes by antigen presentation cells. Acquisition of peptide by MHC class II is much studied, but the rules and...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Chimeric NKG2D receptor expressing T cells as immunotherapy for cancer.
T cells -- Receptors. Killer cells. Cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Cancer -- Immunotherapy.
Despite advances in standard treatment options such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, cancer remains the second leading cause of death in the United States. Moreover, many current therapies result in adverse effects. Therefore the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The Pseudomonas fluorescens pho regulon and its role in modulating biofilm formation in response to environmental cues.
Pseudomonas fluorescens -- Genetics. Attachment mechanisms (Biology) Biofilms -- Growth. Phosphates -- Physiological effect. Medical Term: Biofilms -- growth and development. Adhesins, Bacterial.
Microbial biofilm formation is thought of as a developmental pathway, whereby cells progress through environmentally regulated and temporally distinct stages during transition from free-swimming lifestyles to members of a structured...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Structural studies of dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase from Toxoplasma gondii and dynamin 1 from Rattus norvegicus.
Microbial enzymes -- Structure. Antiprotozoal agents -- Design. Toxoplasma gondii. Guanosine triphosphatase -- Structure. G proteins -- Structure. Thymidylate synthase-dihydrofolate reductase -- chemistry. Dynamins -- chemistry.
The first chapter of this thesis encompasses progress towards the X-ray structure determination and drug design for the dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (DHFR-TS) enzyme from the protozoa Toxoplasma gondii, along with another mutant...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Aneuploidy and chromosomal instability.
Aneuploidy. Chromosome abnormalities. Tumors -- Genetic aspects. Microtubules. Medical Term: Chromosomal Instability.
Most solid tumors are aneuploid, and many tumor cells persistently mis-segregate whole chromosomes at an elevated rate in a process called chromosomal instability (CIN). CIN occurs due to loss of chromosome segregation fidelity during mitosis,...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Identification of novel proteins involved in Vibrio cholerae motility.
Vibrio cholerae. Bacteria -- Motility. Flagella (Microbiology) -- Physiology. Membrane proteins.
Dartmouth Dissertations

DNA damage-induced cell cycle checkpoints as a target for cancer therapy.
Cancer cells -- Proliferation -- Molecular aspects. Biological control systems. Cancer cells -- Growth -- Regulation. Breast -- Cancer -- Genetic aspects. p53 protein. Cell cycle. DNA damage. Cellular signal transduction. Carcinogenesis --...
Cells respond to DNA damage by activating signal transduction pathways that cause cell cycle arrest at checkpoints in G 1 , S, or G 2 phases of the cell cycle; this allows time for repair of damaged DNA. The G 1 checkpoint is dependent upon the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

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