Large scale systems -- Mathematical models. Digital computer simulation. Parallel processing (Electronic computers). Computer algorithms.
Modeling real-world large-scale systems is inherently challenging due to their size and complexity. Detailed simulation of large-scale models requires tremendous amounts of computing power and memory space. Parallel discrete-event simulation...
Objectives: This dissertation comprises three essays on geographic variations in healthcare, and the association between utilization and health outcomes. I first explore associations between outpatient visits and Medicare beneficiaries'...
Annual screening mammograms are recommended for all women above 40 years of age for early detection of breast cancer, and are known to improve cancer mortality rates. However, mammography is hampered by low sensitivity and a high rate of false...
Public key infrastructure (Computer security). ; Computer networks -- Security measures. ; Operating systems (Computers). ; Microcomputers.
In 1976, Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman demonstrated how public key cryptography could enable secure information exchange between parties that do not share secrets. In order for public key cryptography to work in modern distributed...
Cancer Control Program (National Cancer Institute) -- Evaluation. Cancer -- Treatment -- United States -- Evaluation. Cancer -- Patients -- Care -- Evaluation.
Background. Disparities in access to cancer care and cancer-related outcomes have been demonstrated in the U.S. Patterns of access to National Cancer Institute-designated Cancer Centers (NCI-CCs), the most specialized cancer care settings, have not...
Patients -- Decision making. Patients -- Attitudes. Motivation (Psychology) -- Social aspects. Preferences (Philosophy) Medical care -- Evaluation. Medical care -- Research -- Methodology. Medical care -- Decision making.
Statement of Problem
Characterizing the public's preferential attitudes towards relatively more-/less-intense elective options in ""preference-sensitive"" health care situations is particularly relevant for the prioritization policies of...
We have a limited understanding of how an opinion is originated, how an opinion and information supporting and explaining it gets conveyed, and how the communicated opinion is perceived and processed by others. One direction of current research...
Internet -- Security measures. Public key infrastructure (Computer security). Digital signatures. Peer-to-peer architecture (Computer networks) -- Security measures.
The Internet has become a virtual place where people not only operate in isolation but also interact with other Internet users. Collaborative systems are becoming more popular. Applications now being introduced could provide better remote education...
Mentally ill -- Care -- Decision making. Mental illness -- Treatment -- Decision making. Mental health services -- Decision making. Mental health -- Information services. Medical informatics. Mental Disorders -- drug therapy.
Objective. We explored preferences and perceptions about treatment decision-making roles among persons with severe mental illness and evaluated two computer-based medication values clarification tools. Methods. In this study we conducted a pilot...
The objective of this thesis was to examine the neural and physiological substrates underlying the processing of aversive information, and how individual differences in anxiety influence these responses. In a series of experiments, we utilized skin...
Home care services -- Utilization -- New Hampshire. Home care services -- New Hampshire -- Evaluation. Maternal health services -- Utilization -- New Hampshire. Infant health services -- Utilization -- New Hampshire. Prenatal care -- Utilization --...
Research objective . Research suggests that home visiting services can have a significant impact on pregnancy outcomes, child health and development, parenting and maternal life course. The effect of home visiting on utilization of health services...
Solar (Computer architecture). ; Ubiquitous computing. Sensor networks. ; Detectors. ; User interfaces (Computer systems).
The complexity of developing context-aware pervasive-computing applications calls for distributed software infrastructures that assist applications to collect, aggregate, and disseminate contextual data. In this dissertation, we present a Context...
Medicine -- Study and teaching -- Audio-visual aids. ; Communication -- Audio-visual aids. ; Medical history taking. ; Physician and patient. ; Psychometrics.
The Patient Video Interview (PVI) is an instrument designed to assess communication skills in medical education that overcomes some of the drawbacks of other assessment methods. Three studies were conducted to: (a) determine a measurement system...
Clinical medicine -- Practice. ; Medicine -- Practice. ; Group medical practice.
Health care micro-systems are small, organized groups of clinicians and staff working together with a shared clinical purpose to provide care for a defined set of patients. The size of individual micro-systems vary--a micro-system must be large...
A mobile agent is an autonomous program that can migrate under its own control from machine to machine in a heterogeneous network. In other words, the program can suspend its execution at an arbitrary point, transport itself to another machine, and...
Synthetic electrochemistry is a rapidly growing area of interest within the synthetic community, although it is far from being a routine technique. Despite the fact that many oxidative and reductive conversions are known, electrochemical methods...
Primary care (Medicine) -- United States -- Evaluation. ; Medicine -- Specialties and specialists. ; Physicians -- Supply and demand -- United States.
Background. Strengthening the role of primary care is considered a key element in improving the outcomes and efficiency of health care delivery. Previous studies of the benefits of primary care have primarily examined the association of primary...
Nurses -- Health and hygiene. Employee health promotion.
Background. Worksite health promotion programs (HPP) support employees' health behaviors to prevent downstream diseases. Maximizing participation can optimize program impact. Objectives. To assess staff nurses' participation in three HPP - flu...
Medical care -- Decision making. Health attitudes. Prostate -- Cancer -- Treatment -- Decision making. Prostate -- Cancer -- Patients -- Attitudes. Uncertainty. Video recording in medicine.
This dissertation used two studies to evaluate the appropriateness of a theoretical model exploring the relationships between screening/treatment beliefs and intending to be screened or treated for prostate cancer (P-CA). Study One examined...
Electronic mail systems -- Security measures. Electronic mail systems -- Social aspects. Trust.
A secure system that cannot be used by real users to secure real-world processes is not really secure at all. While many believe that usability and security are diametrically opposed, a growing body of research from the field of Human-Computer...
Community mental health services -- Decision making. Mentally ill -- Care -- Decision making. Psychotherapist and patient.
Background. Electronic decision support systems (EDSS) using a shared decision making framework may be a new technology to facilitate service planning in public sector mental health care. The case management context is a ripe testing ground for...
Primary care (Medicine) -- United States -- Evaluation.
Medicine -- Specialties and specialists.
Physicians -- Supply and demand -- United States.
Background: Strengthening the role of primary care is considered a key element in improving the outcomes and efficiency of health care delivery. Previous studies of the benefits of primary care have primarily examined the association of primary...
Medicine -- Religious aspects. Health -- Religious aspects. Spirituality -- Health aspects. Spirituality -- Testing. Primary care (Medicine). Patients -- Religious life.
Background . Although the epidemiology of spirituality/religion is still an emerging field, initial research suggests spirituality may promote better health. Additionally, physician-inquiry about spirituality may enhance the quality and possibly...