Introduction -- Permafrost as a Natural Phenomenon -- Engineering Problems and Construction in Permafrost Regions -- Physics of Ground Frost -- Soil Mechanics in Permafrost Regions -- Natural Cold Storage -- Civil Engineering [Cold Weather...
Introduction -- Arctic Skin Boats -- Arctic Pioneer Craft -- Early Vessels in Arctic Exploration and Voyaging -- Design and Development of Arctic Trading Vessels -- The Development and Design of Arctic Whaling and Sealing Vessels -- Past and...
Spatial heterogeneity inherent in ecological systems impacts both diversity and community structure. However, little is known about the influence of habitat heterogeneity on temporal variability in communities. I performed several studies to...
Snowmelt from seasonal snow covers can be significant in many environments of northern and alpine areas. Water flow and chemical transport resulting from snowmelt have been studied for an understanding of contributions to watersheds or catchments....
Computer input-output equipment. ; Computational grids (Computer systems). ; High performance computing. ; Electronic data processing -- Distributed processing.
High-performance computing increasingly occurs on computational grids composed of heterogeneous and geographically distributed systems of computers, networks, and storage devices that collectively act as a single virtual computer. A key challenge...
A metric structure on a set gives a concept of distance between any two elements of that set, and it induces a topology. In this thesis, we provide several ways to put a metric structure on the collection of CW complexes. We accomplish this by...
Van Allen radiation belts -- Mathematical models. Electrons -- Diffusion -- Mathematical models. Magnetohydrodynamic waves -- Mathematical models.
It is becoming increasingly important to understand the dynamics of radiation belt energetic particles given their potentially hazardous effects on satellites and our ever-increasing dependence on those satellites. There is a need to determine...
I investigated the effects of two contemporary disturbances to soil systems: forest clearing in the northeastern U.S. and climate-driven plant succession in the Arctic. To test the effects of clear-cutting forests on mineral soil carbon (C)...
Identifying and understanding sources of individual variation in fecundity is of central importance to life history theory and population ecology. In this study, I first examined how factors on the breeding grounds in eastern Maryland affected the...
Urban and suburban development is a dominant factor driving ecological processes at local and regional scales and its impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services are alarming. Pollinators, especially bees, and the ecosystem services they...
The ionosphere is an important source of plasma in the magnetosphere, especially during geomagnetic storms. While satellite data has confirmed this population of ions, their effect on the dynamics of the magnetosphere-ionosphere (MI) system is not...
While plant-plant interactions define community patterns in alpine tundra around the world, topography and elevation and the resulting physical changes that occur when moving down-slope play a greater role in community formation and maintenance in...
For most cancers, the genetic mechanisms that predispose normal cells to neoplastic transformation and tumor cells to therapeutic eradication are poorly understood. High throughput genotyping technologies have allowed the rapid discovery of...
Understanding mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb) accumulation and retention in forest soils is needed to reduce their negative impacts on human and wildlife health. In addition, mercury and lead can be used to characterize the role of soil in terrestrial...
Atlantic salmon -- Growth. Atlantic salmon -- Effect of predation on -- Connecticut River Watershed. Atlantic salmon -- Mortality -- Connecticut River Watershed. Fish populations. Atlantic salmon -- Toxicology -- Connecticut River Watershed. Cottus...
Juvenile, stream-dwelling salmon are a model system for studies of density dependence. However, while salmon exhibit diverse mechanisms and patterns of density dependence, the factors that drive variation in density dependence are not clear. I used...
Cytokinins regulate broad aspects of plant growth and development, such as cell division, root and shoot growth, chloroplast development, and leaf senescence. Cytokinins are perceived by a signal transduction pathway that involves receptors,...
The increasing demand for transportation energy coupled with the need to reduce carbon emissions for a sustainable future are driving forces to develop alternative fuels. One promising alternative to petroleum is conversion of lignocellulosic...
In an undercooled environment any protuberance or bump on a planar solid/liquid interface that extends into the melt enhances its growth since the surrounding temperature gradient is greater than that about the planar surface. Consequently, the...
The advent of hypervisors revolutionized the computing industry in terms of malware prevention and detection, secure virtual machine managers, and cloud resilience. However, this has resulted in a disjointed response to handling known threats...