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Emergent coherent structures in nonequilibrium field theory.

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Call No.	QC6.4.C56 T56 2008
Author	Thorarinson, Joel Larus Marvin.
Title	Emergent coherent structures in nonequilibrium field theory.
Date	2008
Abstract	In this thesis we study the properties of time-dependent, nontopological configurations and their effect on the macroscopic properties of a system described by a nonlinear field theory. These structures seem to be ubiquitous in relativistic field theories with symmetry breaking scenarios and since they drastically change the power spectrum, understanding their properties and lifetimes is essential for characterization of the equilibration time scales of a given system. To understand the mechanisms of their creation we rely on large scale computations to solve the fully nonlinear equations of motion. By using both Langevin thermalization techniques and various ansatz we find information about both the individual formation and stability properties of these structures and their effect on global observables such as the decay rate of a metastable vacuum. Each of these aspects contains surprises and radical departures from the linearized theories. We also show examples of how these structures can be examined in momentum space from computing several correlation functions. We extend 2 d results on the effect of these emergent structures to the decay rate of a false vacuum to 3 d and confirm that these time-dependent structures modify the decay, after a quench, to a power law in pure scalar theories. Adding gauge fields, we present new time dependent nontopological solutions in the 2 d Abelian Higgs model which show the creation of oscillons from vortex antivortex annihilations. A phase transition in configuration space is then constructed from the stability properties of these oscillons in parameter space. Similarly, in 3 d we show that oscillons may be formed through toroidal ux-tube annihilations. Finally, these properties are shown to also apply to more complex situations, such as the condensed proton-neutron system, which exhibits all the previous oscillon results as well as a new nontrivial vortex-vortex bound state.
Description	xxvi, 234 leaves : ill. (some col.) 28 cm.
Format	application/pdf
Subject	Coherent states. Quantum field theory. Nonlinear theories.
College	Dartmouth College -- Department of Physics and Astronomy.
Issuing Body	Dartmouth Dissertations are made available through the Dartmouth Digital Library.
Degree	Thesis (Ph.D.)--Dartmouth College.
Copyright	All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means without permission in writing from the author.
DOI	http://dx.doi.org/10.1349/ddlp.204

Title	Page 1
Format	application/pdf
Issuing Body	Dartmouth Dissertations are made available through the Dartmouth Digital Library.
Degree	Thesis (Ph.D.)--Dartmouth College.
Full Text	Emergent Coherent Structures in Nonequilibrium Field Theory A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty in partial ful llment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Physics and Astronomy by Joel Larus Marvin Thorarinson DARTMOUTH COLLEGE Hanover, New Hampshire 26 May 2008 Examining Committee: Marcelo Gleiser Claudio Rebbi Robert Caldwell Barrett Rogers Charles K. Barlowe, Ph.D. Dean of Graduate Studies

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