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Methods for rapid EEG-based mapping of human brain functions.

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Call No.	RC386.6.E43 B37 2002
Author	Barkan, Helen Irene
Title	Methods for rapid EEG-based mapping of human brain functions.
Date	2002
Abstract	Brain mapping via EEG activation is a useful tool of basic neuroscience, and has wide clinical applications as well. The mapping is achieved by means of Event Related Potentials (ERPs), task-related changes in EEG time series. The methodology of recording and analyzing ERPs has significant limitations: EEG is frequently contaminated with neurogenic or extracranial artifact that is broadband and thus not amenable to classical filtering. Moreover, traditional ERP analysis relies on simple averaging of multiple trials of activation tasks, and could benefit from enhanced signal extraction methods that would allow for reduced time of experimentation and higher signal quality. The objective of this research was therefore two-fold: first, to develop a comprehensive system of dealing with artifact in EEG-ERP recordings, to include bulk screening, detection, and artifact removal; second, to evaluate and implement relatively new technologies such as wavelet transform and neural networks, for possible use in optimizing ERP paradigms and signal extraction. To achieve these goals, artifact-independent multichannel screening and detection system was developed and tested. A channel-wise artifact-detection scheme was designed and implemented with wavelet-derived features as training inputs to a probabilistic neural network (PNN), which was tested on surrogate and real EEG data, with a sensitivity and specificity of detection in high nineties. Artifact elimination was achieved by the method of "detail maxima", an alternative to hard thresholding of wavelet coefficients, allowing to remove artifact in a highly time-localized manner. Time-domain signal extraction was enhanced by "reverse detail maxima" reconstruction and by selective detail averaging, enabling single-trial ERP analysis of primary sensory stimuli and achieving twenty-fold trial number reduction. Frequency-domain mapping was improved by band-specific power analysis methods and the use of continuous wavelet transforms coefficients. It is hoped that the adjuvant methods developed in the course of this research will deepen and expand both scientific and medical usefulness of ERP mapping.
Description	1 online resource (viii, 245 leaves) : illustrations (some color)
Format	application/pdf
Advisor	Darcey, Terrance M.
Subject	Electroencephalography. ; Brain mapping -- Methodology. ; Evoked potentials (Electrophysiology).
College	Thayer School of Engineering.
Issuing Body	Dartmouth Dissertations are made available through the Dartmouth Digital Library.
Degree	Thesis (Ph.D)--Dartmouth College.
Copyright	In Copyright. This material is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this material in any way that is permitted by copyright law that applies to your use. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1349/ddlp.2656

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