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On the nature of hypervelocity stars / by Idan Ginsburg.

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Call No.	QC45.N43 D3 2013gin
Author	Ginsburg, Idan.
Title	On the nature of hypervelocity stars / by Idan Ginsburg.
Date	2013
Abstract	Hypervelocity stars are stars ejected from the center of the Milky Way, never to return. Since first discovered in 2005, hypervelocity stars have greatly increased our understanding of the kinematics and dynamics at the Galactic Center. In this dissertation we show via gravitational N- body simulations that an encounter between a binary star and the massive black hole at the Galactic Center, Sgr A, can produce a hypervelocity star for one component of the binary, while the companion star remains in a tight orbit around the black hole. Such an encounter can also result in the coalescence of both stars in a highly-eccentric orbit around the black hole. These mechanisms may explain the surprising appearance of massive stars within 1 of Sgr A. We further find that the disruption of a triple star system by the massive black hole can produce hypervelocity binaries, which may ultimately coalesce and evolve into unbound blue stragglers. The black hole may also capture a binary star system, or possibly all three stars when a triple system is disrupted. Such captures may lead to collisions between two or all three of the stars and the coalescence may result in the formation of rejuvenated stars. Our simulations also predict that planets around stars can be ejected from the Galactic Center via the same mechanism that produces hypervelocity stars. However, typical velocities for such runaway planets are higher than their stellar counterparts, with velocities approaching 5% the speed of light in extreme cases. Planets may also collide with their host star and result in an enriched stellar atmosphere. Furthermore, hypervelocity stars may host planets that should have a detectable transit. The discovery of such a transit would have consequences for understanding planetary formation and evolution at the Galactic Center. It is difficult to positively identify hypervelocity stars since at the observed effective temperatures both main-sequence and blue horizontal branch stars have very similar surface gravities. Fortunately, m
Description	xxxii, 173 leaves : ill. (some col.) 28 cm.
Format	application/pdf
Advisor	Gary A. Wegner, Robert A. Fesen, Marcelo Gleiser, Abraham Loeb
College	Dartmouth College. Department of Physics and Astronomy.
Issuing Body	Dartmouth Dissertations are made available through the Dartmouth Digital Library.
Degree	Thesis (Ph.D.)--Dartmouth College.
Copyright	All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means without permission in writing from the author.
DOI	http://dx.doi.org/10.1349/ddlp.962

Title	Page 1
Full Text	On the Nature of Hypervelocity Stars A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Physics and Astronomy by Idan Ginsburg DARTMOUTH COLLEGE Hanover, New Hampshire July 2013 Examining Committee: (Chair) Gary A. Wegner Robert A. Fesen Marcelo Gleiser Abraham Loeb F. Jon Kull, Ph.D. Dean of Graduate Studies

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On the nature of hypervelocity stars / by Idan Ginsburg.

On the nature of hypervelocity stars / by Idan Ginsburg.