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Probing a receptor-binding domain of interleukin-2 by combinatorial cassette mutagenesis.
Interleukin-2. ; Mutagenesis.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Mechanism of cleavage of the TcpA prepilin by the type 4 prepilin peptidase, TcpJ, of Vibrio cholerae.
Vibrio cholerae -- Molecular genetics. ; Peptidase -- Pathophysiology. ; Proteolytic enzymes.
Type 4 prepilins and prepilin-like-proteins are secreted by a wide range of bacterial species and are required for a variety of functions including type 4 pilus (Tfp) formation, toxin and other enzyme secretion, gene transfer, and biofilm...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The study of an endonuclease and its potential role in apoptosis.
Deoxyribonucleases. ; Endonucleases. ; Apoptosis.
Previous work in this laboratory has implicated deoxyribonuclease II (DNase II) as an endonuclease responsible for DNA digestion during apoptosis. The goal of this thesis was to isolate the cDNA encoding DNase II and study its potential role in...
Dartmouth Dissertations

A mechanistic and structural analysis of Ncd kinesin-like protein mutants and a class VII myosin.
Muscle proteins. Myosin -- Structure-activity relationships. Kinesin -- Structure-activity relationships. Mechanism of action (Biochemistry). Molecular Motor Proteins.
Protein motors, such as kinesin and myosin, use chemical energy in the form of ATP to physically move along filaments and perform complex mechanical tasks in the cell, such as intracellular transport, cell division and muscle contraction. Myosin...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Interrogation of autolysins as a source of novel bacteriolytic agents / by Daniel Carmen Osipovitch
Staphylococcus aureus is a formidable pathogen, and its high morbidity and mortality rates are compounded by its ability to quickly develop antibiotic resistance. The current antimicrobial pipeline is inadequate to curb this mounting public health...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Interactions between the carcinogen chromium(VI) and DNA.
DNA. ; Chromium. ; Thiols.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The cloning and characterization of genes involved in amino acid metabolism in Neurospora crassa.
Neurospora crassa -- Genetics. ; Molecular cloning.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Modulation antigen presentaton by Fcγ receptor-targeting and glucocorticoids.
Antigen presenting cells. ; Major histocompatibility complex. ; Fc receptors. ; Glucocorticoids. ; Immune recognition.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The Pseudomonas fluorescens pho regulon and its role in modulating biofilm formation in response to environmental cues.
Pseudomonas fluorescens -- Genetics. Attachment mechanisms (Biology) Biofilms -- Growth. Phosphates -- Physiological effect. Medical Term: Biofilms -- growth and development. Adhesins, Bacterial.
Microbial biofilm formation is thought of as a developmental pathway, whereby cells progress through environmentally regulated and temporally distinct stages during transition from free-swimming lifestyles to members of a structured...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Chloroplasts, mitochondria and iron homeostasis: a role for ferric chelate reductases and an efflux transporter.
Plants -- Effect of iron on. Iron -- Metabolism -- Molecular aspects. Chloroplasts. Plant mitochondria. Homeostasis. Plant enzymes. Reduction (Chemistry). Iron chelates.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Distinct functions for diguanylate cyclases in regulating Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 surface-associated behaviors.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- Genetics. Biofilms -- Growth. Bacteria -- Motility. Guanylate cyclase. Cellular signal transduction.
Biofilm formation is a complex process culminating in a multicellular microbial structure encased in an extracellular matrix. In order for planktonic cells to initiate and proceed through biofilm formation, they must appropriately regulate a number...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Novel techniques for the investigation of GPCR structure and function / by Joshua A. Weiner.
G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) make up somewhere between 30-50% of all current drug targets, yet the structural characterization of these receptors has been moderate at best. Until recently, structural data were almost nonexistent and...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Metabolic engineering of catabolic product metabolism in thermophilic bacteria.
Thermophilic bacteria -- Metabolism. Thermophilic bacteria -- Genetics. Thermophilic bacteria -- Biotechnology. Cells
Metabolic engineering of the catabolic end-product metabolism of Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum was initiated. T. saccharolyticum is an anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium that utilizes xylans and xylose, the second most prominent sugar after...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Regulation of B lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation through CD40.
B cells. CD antigens. Immune response -- Regulation.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Dendritic cell Fcγ receptor expression and function
Fc receptors. Dendritic cells. Immune recognition.
Three types of Fc receptors for IgG, FcyRI (CD64), FcyRII (CD32), and FcyRIII (CD 16) are expressed differentially on blood leukocytes. In particular, CD64 and CD32 are constitutively expressed on mononuclear phagocytes of the human myeloid system....
Dartmouth Dissertations

Isolation and characterization of QCR9 the nuclear gene encoding the 7.3 kDa subunit 9 of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae bc1 complex.
Oxidoreductases. Cytochrome c. Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Genetic inactivation of ACAT1 ameliorates the amyloid pathology and cognitive deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Acyltransferases -- Genetic aspects. Enzyme inhibitors. Alzheimer's disease. Amyloid.
Acyl-CoA:Cholesterol Acyltransferases (ACATs) are key enzymes in cellular cholesterol metabolism. ACAT converts free cholesterol to cholesterol ester, which makes it more easily storable in lipid droplets. There are two ACAT genes encoding two...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Heat shock translational control in Drosophila melanogaster.
Heat shock proteins. RNA. Drosophila melanogaster.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Structural, functional, and biochemical approaches to understanding the role of the C1 microtubule of the flagellar central apparatus.
Microtubules. Dynein. ; Eukaryotic cells -- Motility.
The eukaryotic flagellum is a complex organelle that uses the force generated by dynein motors to cause beating motion of the flagellum. The central apparatus of eukaryotic flagella has been implicated in the regulation of dynein-driven motility....
Dartmouth Dissertations

The importance of dosage of core binding factors α and ß in hematopoietic development.
Hematopoiesis -- Regulation. ; Transcription factors.
Core Binding Factors (CBFs) are members of a small family of transcription factors that play critical roles in a number of mammalian developmental processes. CBFs are heterodimers consisting of a CBFα subunit, which contacts and binds DNA at the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The role of TonB-dependent receptors and alternate sigma factors in the Bradyrhizobium japonicum/soybean symbiosis.
Rhizobium -- Genetics. Cell receptors. Transcription factors. Bacteria.
Bradyrhizobium japonicum forms a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with soybean. Signaling events, such as production of flavonoids and Nod factor, initiate the interaction, leading to formation of specialized root organs called nodules. A B. japonicum...
Dartmouth Dissertations

A complex of the BCL2-like protein CED-9 and the BH3-only protein EGL-1 recruits DRP-1 to mitochondria and promotes mitochondrial fission
Mitochondria -- Physiology.; Fission (Biology) ; Guanosine triphosphatase. ; Caenorhabditis elegans. ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins -- physiology. ; GTP Phosphohydrolases -- physiology. ; bcl2-Associated Death Protein -- physiology.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Primate origins through the lens of functional and degenerate cone opsins / by Gillian L. Moritz
A nocturnal activity pattern is central to almost all hypotheses on the adaptive origins of primates but this view has been challenged recently on the basis of variation in the cone opsin genes of nocturnal primates. The diversity among primates in...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The experimental analysis of mutlitple computationally-driven methods for the deletion of broadly distributed T cell epitopes in a functional biotherapeutic candidate / by Regina Salvat
Novel biotherapeutics have reshaped drug discovery and promise a continued revolution in disease therapy, yet therapeutic proteins present unique design challenges. One distinguishing risk factor is the prospect of eliciting an adaptive immune...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Biological and receptor binding properties of interleukin-2 analogs employing site-directed mutagenesis and filamentous phage display.
Interleukin-2 -- Derivatives. ; Ligand binding (Biochemistry). ; Mutagenesis.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The identification and characterization of aldosterone responsive genes.
Aldosterone. ; Genetic regulation. ; Mineralocorticoids -- Receptors.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Biochemical characterization of recombinant acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase expressed in insect Sf9 cell.
Acyltransferases. ; Enzymatic analysis. ; Cholesterol -- Metabolism -- Regulation. ; Cholesterol -- Synthesis -- Regulation. ; Genetic recombination.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Regulation of the haptoglobin-hemoglobin scavenger receptor CD163 in the inflammatory response to endotoxin.
CD antigens. Cell receptors. Endotoxins -- Pathophysiology. Glycoproteins -- Pathophysiology. Immune response -- Regulation. Septicemia -- Molecular aspects. Macrophages. Haptoglobins. Hemoglobin. Receptors
Sepsis is a worldwide problem with an annual mortality rate reaching as high as 45%. Understanding its pathogenesis and the innate immune response to infection is key to the development of new treatments. CD163, a monocyte/macrophage-specific...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Early events in insulin signaling: tyrosine phosphorylation and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activation.
Insulin -- Receptors. ; Tyrosine. ; Phosphorylation. ; Phosphoinositides.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Iron acquisition in Bradyrhizobium japonicum.
Rhizobium -- Physiology. ; Plants -- Effect of iron on.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The role of core binding factor in the pathogenesis of the Moloney murine leukemia virus.
Retroviruses -- Pathogenesis. ; Virus diseases -- Pathogenesis. ; Genetic transcription -- Regulation. ; Viral genetics. ; Mouse leukemia viruses.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Expression and recovery of recombinant proteins in a novel high cell density prokaryotic system based on Ralstonia eutropha.
Ralstonia -- Biotechnology. Microbial biotechnology. Industrial microbiology. Recombinant proteins -- Synthesis. Recombinant Proteins -- Biosynthesis.
Escherichia coli is the standard host for recombinant protein expression in bacteria, but suffers from some limitations (e.g. poor fermentation performance, inclusion body formation and proteolysis). A novel recombinant protein expression system,...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The biochemical basis of Th-dependent B cell activation.
B cells. ; T cells. ; Cell interaction. ; Body fluids -- Immunology.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Runx1 expression and function in the development of murine definitive hematopoietic stem cells and blood lineages.
Transcription factors. ; Hematopoietic stem cells -- Genetic aspects. ; DNA-binding proteins. ; Mutation (Biology).
Dartmouth Dissertations

Regulation of human cytochrome P4501A2 gene (CYP1A2) expression: isolation and functional analysis of the 5'-flanking region.
Cytochrome P-450. ; Genetic regulation. ; Genetic transcription.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Gene transfer in thermophilic Clostridium.
Clostridium -- Biotechnology. ; Genetic transformation. ; Restriction enzymes DNA.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Cloning and expression of HVACM, a cullin protein, from small cell lung cancer.
Vasopressin -- Receptors. ; Small cell lung cancer. ; Genetic regulation. ; Molecular cloning. ; Immunohistochemistry.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The Vibrio cholerae AraC-like protein ToxT: activation of tcpA expression and domain organization.
Vibrio cholerae -- Molecular genetics. Genetic transcription -- Regulation. Promoters (Genetics). DNA-binding proteins.
ToxT is a member of the AraC/XylS family of transcriptional regulators, and functions to activate expression of virulence genes in the intestinal pathogen Vibrio cholerae. The aim of this research was to investigate the mechanism of ToxT-dependent...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The Spot 14 gene resides on the telomeric end of the 11q13 amplicon and is expressed in lipogenic breast cancers: implications for control of tumor metabolism.
Nucleoproteins. ; Fatty acids -- Synthesis -- Genetic aspects. ; Breast -- Cancer -- Genetic aspects. ; Gene amplification. ; Oncogenes.
Spot 14 (S14) is a ~17 KD nuclear protein that functions at the transcriptional level to regulate de novo synthesis of fatty acids in liver, brown and white adipose, and. lactating mammary tissues. Localization of the S14 gene to chromosome 11q13.5...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Role of Erv14p in vesicle mediated protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Membrane proteins -- Physiological transport. ; Carrier proteins. ; Biological transport -- Regulation. ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- Cytology. ; Golgi apparatus. ; Endoplasmic reticulum.
Transport vesicles form at a donor compartment and fuse to an acceptor compartment mediate the movement of cargo proteins within eukaryotic cells from one subcellular compartment to another. COPII vesicles specifically provide the means of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Substrate recognition by the phenylalanine-adenylating domain of gramicidin synthetase, and redesign of nonribosomal peptide synthetases by modulation of substrate specificity.
Peptides -- Synthesis -- Mathematical models. ; Peptides -- Physiological effect. ; Peptides -- Biotechnology. ; Gramicidins. ; Immunospecificity. ; Site-specific mutagenesis. ; Binding sites (Biochemistry). ; Phenylalanine. ; Peptide Biosynthesis.
Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) are a family of enzymes that assemble a variety of pharmacologically interesting polypeptides from canonical and non-canonical amino acids. The identity and connectivity of the monomers in the final product...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Isolation and characterization of Chinese hamster ovary cell lines possessing abnormal LDL-derived cholesterol trafficking.
Cholesterol. ; Mutation (Biology). ; Low density lipoproteins. ; Cell lines.
Dartmouth Dissertations

On the leukemogenic mechanisms of core binding factor translocation products.
Transcription factors -- Pathophysiology. Myeloid leukemia -- Genetic aspects. Genetic transcription -- Regulation.
Core binding factor translocations and inversions are among the most frequently identified mutations in acute myeloid leukemia. We present work that characterizes the functional contributions of domains within the fusion proteins resulting from the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The contribution of a single nucleotide polymorphism to endogenous MMP-1 gene expression, and the contribution of MMP-1 expression to breast cancer cell invasion and tumorigenesis.
Genetic polymorphisms. Metalloproteinases -- Genetic aspects. Metalloproteinases -- Pathophysiology. Breast -- Cancer -- Genetic aspects. Carcinogenesis.
Extra cellular matrix (ECM) provides structural support for the body and also contributes to cell proliferation and migration. Modification ECM is an important part of normal physiology, and integral to a variety of pathologies including tumor...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Aneuploidy and chromosomal instability.
Aneuploidy. Chromosome abnormalities. Tumors -- Genetic aspects. Microtubules. Medical Term: Chromosomal Instability.
Most solid tumors are aneuploid, and many tumor cells persistently mis-segregate whole chromosomes at an elevated rate in a process called chromosomal instability (CIN). CIN occurs due to loss of chromosome segregation fidelity during mitosis,...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Constructing a dynamic model of hedgehog signaling.
Cellular signal transduction. Transcription factors. cos protein, Drosophila. Medical Terms: Hedgehog Proteins; Signal Transduction -- physiology; ci protein, Drosophila.
The evolutionarily conserved Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is required for proper embryonic patterning and development. Deregulated Hh signaling has been implicated in various human carcinomas and developmental defects, thus elucidation of the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Temporal regulation of microRNA expression during animal development.
RNA. Cells -- Growth -- Regulation. Caenorhabditis elegans -- Genetics. Caenorhabditis elegans -- Development. Drosophila melanogaster -- Genetic aspects. Drosophila melanogaster -- Development. Neurons -- Growth. Animal genetics.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are recently discovered family of genes with short non-coding RNA transcripts of 18 to 25 nucleotides in length. lin-4 and let-7 , the founding members of the miRNA gene family, control the timing of developmental programs in the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Regulation of apoptosis in the Caenorhabditis elegans nervous system.
Caenorhabditis elegans -- Genetics. Neurons. Apoptosis. Genetic transcription -- Regulation.
Most of the cells that die during the development of a C. elegans hermaphrodite do so within 30 min after being generated. In these cells, the pro-caspase proCED-3 is inherited from progenitors and the transcriptional upregulation of the BH3-only...
Dartmouth Dissertations

New pathways of NAD+ metabolism and longevity.
NAD (Coenzyme) -- Metabolism. Nicotinamide -- Mechanism of action. Genetic regulation. Nicotinamide-beta-riboside.
NAD+ is an essential co-enzyme for hydride transfer enzymes and a consumed substrate of multiple signaling enzymes including the sirtuins, a family of protein lysine deacetylases shown to regulate longevity in a wide array of organisms. We have...
Dartmouth Dissertations

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