Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. The discovery of breast tumor subtypes and the subsequent development of treatments aimed at them has allowed a reduction in the mortality of breast cancer. However, tumors with similar...
Gaze -- Psychological aspects. ; Facial expression. ; Body language.
The primary goal of the current research was to examine the effect of perceived gaze direction on the perception and processing of facially communicated emotion. There is good reason to believe that gaze direction and facial displays of emotion...
Gene set testing has become a critical tool for interpreting the results of high-throughput genomic experiments. Despite the development of robust statistical methods and extensive gene set collections, however, the results from gene set testing...
Study 1 This systematic review aimed to synthesize the emerging body of work on the impact of employment, with a focus on prospective cohort studies. Researchers identified relevant studies for review via PubMed, expert referral, and reference...
Black-throated blue warbler -- Habitat. Black-throated blue warbler -- Behavior. Black-throated blue warbler -- Food. Black-throated blue warbler -- Nests.
The brain is a vastly interconnected information processing network. In humans, this network supports the rich mental space at the root of the imagination and enables many flexible cognitive abilities such as scientific and artistic creativity. How...
Outcome assessment (Medical care). ; Aortic valve -- Surgery -- Complications. ; Aortic valve -- Surgery -- New England. ; Cardiovascular instruments Implanted.
Aortic valve disease is a frequent and serious disorder. Although aortic valve replacement (AVR) is arguably the only effective treatment, important issues remain unresolved in the care of patients with this disease. Recent studies have focused...
Ciliata -- Effect of sediments on. ; Ciliata -- Effect of habitat modification on. ; Plankton -- Effect of sediments on. ; Plankton -- Effect of habitat modification on.
The present work examines the cognitive structure of the self-concept. Improving upon established measures of self-complexity (H -statistic), cognitive complexity of the self-concept is measured in terms of the number of self-aspects and the...
Social perception -- Physiological aspects. ; Prefrontal cortex -- Physiology.
From the most minimal of person information, such as a photograph or a sentence, people are able to rapidly infer a multitude of complex personality traits. These social inferences are thought to rely upon cognitive representations of person...
Intestine, Large -- Cancer -- Epidemiology. ; Intestine.
Colorectal cancer is the fourth most common cancer diagnosis and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Most colorectal cancers are believed to develop from precursor lesions known as colorectal adenomas....
Problem Statement: Increasing physical activity is a priority for decreasing obesity rates, but we have a limited understanding of which factors are most influential in promoting physical activity among adolescents. We also do not know what forms...
Nurses -- Health and hygiene. Employee health promotion.
Background. Worksite health promotion programs (HPP) support employees' health behaviors to prevent downstream diseases. Maximizing participation can optimize program impact. Objectives. To assess staff nurses' participation in three HPP - flu...
Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Breast -- Cancer -- Tomography. Breast -- Cancer -- Imaging. Breast -- Cancer -- Diagnosis. Image reconstruction. Diagnostic imaging. Image Processing
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the USA and worldwide causing 160,000 and 1.5 million deaths per year, respectively. Due to the late stage of diagnosis, poor efficacy of chemotherapies (targeted and pleiotropic), and...
Objectives: This dissertation comprises three essays on geographic variations in healthcare, and the association between utilization and health outcomes. I first explore associations between outpatient visits and Medicare beneficiaries'...
Many organisms recognize and respond to categories: predator, prey, rival, or juvenile. Organisms recognize these ecologically-important categories by assessing diverse sensory stimuli. A primary focus of my research has been understanding how...
Gustatory pheromones regulate mating behaviors in Drosophila melanogaster and represent an important model for understanding how sensory stimuli can drive behavior. However, the genes and cells involved in pheromone detection have remained poorly...
Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and other high-throughput initiatives have led to an information explosion in human genetics and genetic epidemiology, the mapping from genotype to phenotype remains challenging as most of the...
How is concrete conceptual information represented in the brain? Little is known about the neural organization for details of concrete objects when presented as words. The goal of the first two studies was to investigate this. In the third study,...
Visual searches for a conjunction of features (e.g., a particular combination of color and shape) are ordinarily slow and difficult. However, search efficiency for a particular conjunction can improve dramatically within a few hundred practice...
The present thesis is focused on developing a better understanding of factors driving disease biology and overall risk using cancers of the bladder and breast as model systems. As no single approach was likely to unravel the complexities of these...
Two experiments were designed to investigate the effects of brain damage on source monitoring. Source monitoring is the process of making decisions about the origins of memories. Previous research has demonstrated that source monitoring judgments...
The neurophysiological examination of auditory-object representations has focused on how early auditory cortical areas code for the spectral and temporal features of auditory objects. The goals of this dissertation was to investigate how auditory...
Information retrieval -- Mathematical models. ; Electronic information resource searching. ; Computer algorithms. ; Decision making -- Data processing. ; Mathematical optimization.
This thesis presents a unified method for simultaneous solution of three problems in Information Retrieval--metasearch (the fusion of ranked lists returned by retrieval systems to elicit improved performance), efficient system evaluation (the...
Nutrients play fundamental roles in biological systems, affecting plant growth and quality, community structure, and species interactions. Although the effects of nutrients on primary and secondary production have been well documented, their...
In order to most effectively investigate protein structure and improve protein function, it is necessary to carefully plan appropriate experiments. The combinatorial number of possible experiment plans demands effective criteria and efficient...
Earlier work has suggested that various neurological or neuropsychiatric disorders may result in characteristic spatial patterns in brain activation, potentially allowing their detection from maps of brain activity under different conditions....
Many environmental toxicants found in pesticides, herbicides, and industrial solvents are believed to have deleterious effects on development by disrupting hormone-sensitive processes. Xenopus embryos were exposed to commonly encountered endocrine...
Clinical medicine -- Decision making. ; Medical informatics. ; Patient participation. ; Osteoarthritis -- Treatment. ; Knee -- Diseases -- Treatment. ; Decision Making. ; Decision Support Techniques.
Problem Statement. Effective patients' decision aids (PtDAs) help patients understand clinical information and reduce decisional conflict. PtDAs that also explicitly provide guidance through four """"Deliberative Steps"""" may achieve additional...
In this dissertation, I present an examination of the role of two biotic interactions in the population dynamics of Vibrio cholerae. Traits with a genetic basis such as size, physiological processes, stress tolerance, and even behavior, are key...