The processes by which nonlinear physical systems approach thermal equilibrium is of great importance in many areas of science. Central to this is the mechanism by which energy is transferred between the many degrees of freedom comprising these...
Temperature has powerful effects on all scales of biological organization from biochemical reactions to ecosystem processes. Despite the well-appreciated influence and thorough understanding of the physiological and population consequences of...
Magneto-spectroscopy is used to characterize the confinement properties of strain-induced quantum wires and dots. The wires and dots are low energy regions in an ordinary GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well that are formed when microscopic...
Snowmelt from seasonal snow covers can be significant in many environments of northern and alpine areas. Water flow and chemical transport resulting from snowmelt have been studied for an understanding of contributions to watersheds or catchments....
Coherent states. Quantum field theory. Nonlinear theories.
In this thesis we study the properties of time-dependent, nontopological configurations and their effect on the macroscopic properties of a system described by a nonlinear field theory. These structures seem to be ubiquitous in relativistic field...
Magnetic nanoparticles are promising candidates for use in biomedical applications as remote sensors of biophysical properties, thermal therapy agents, and detectors of specific biomolecules. Many approaches have been used to model magnetic...
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is an immunoregulatory cytokine whose biological effects are mediated through interaction with specific receptors (IL-2R) on the surface of target cells. Due to its presumed role in generating a normal immune response, IL-2 is...
Phase transitions occur in such diverse and important systems as ferromagnets, liquid crystals and the early Universe. The dynamics of phase transitions such as these have been studied for decades, but the analytical models still need a great deal...
We present results from a modeling effort of simple shock phenomena in the Cygnus Loop and Cassiopeia A. Using multi-epoch MDM observations of a small, isolated cloud in the southwest region of the Cygnus Loop, we measure the velocity of the...
Large-scale (12,000 liter) and small-scale (3.78 liter) field enclosure experiments were conducted to evaluate the intensity and nature of competition among the planktonic cladoceran grazers of a mesotrophic Vermont lake: Bosmina longirostris,...
Climatic geomorphology -- Sierra Nevada (California and Nevada). ; Slopes (Physical geography) -- Sierra Nevada (California and Nevada). ; Weathering -- Sierra Nevada (California and Nevada). ; Chemical denudation -- Sierra Nevada (California and...
Landscapes evolve in response to external forcings such as climate and tectonics that influence the pace and patterns of erosion and weathering processes. Furthermore, internal feedbacks between erosion and weathering regulate the expression of...
Motivated by the goal of investigating the dynamics of the electroweak phase transition in the early Universe, a study of dynamical aspects of nonlinear field-theoretical systems is performed. Symmetric and asymmetric double-well potentials in the...
Spatial heterogeneity inherent in ecological systems impacts both diversity and community structure. However, little is known about the influence of habitat heterogeneity on temporal variability in communities. I performed several studies to...
In this thesis, the dynamics of long-lived, time-dependent, coherent field configurations, known as oscillons, are investigated in the presence of an expanding background. In a (1+1)-dimensional expanding spacetime, scalar-field oscillon lifetimes...