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Heat shock translational control in Drosophila melanogaster.
Heat shock proteins. RNA. Drosophila melanogaster.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The role of lysosomal cysteine proteases in endocytosis-mediated retinal degeneration
Many retinal degenerative diseases result in blindness. The causes and clinical progression of these diseases are heterogeneous in nature. In many instances the genes involved are known, yet the molecular mechanisms leading to blindness still...
Dartmouth Dissertations

SirT1 regulates vascular smooth muscle cell plasticity : implications for age-related cardiovascular disease / by Anne Marie Thompson.
Loss of vascular smooth muscle cell function is a hallmark of vascular disease. Vascular smooth muscle cells become increasingly resistant to phenotypic modulation, apoptotic and senescent. Sirtuin 1 (SirT1) is a deactylase that regulates...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Molecular mechanisms underlying the induction of neuronal Na channel expression by growth factors.
Neurons -- Growth -- Effect of growth factors on. Cell differentiation -- Molecular aspects. Developmental neurobiology.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Role of GATA-1 in β-globin locus chromatin structure reorganization and eryrhoid [i.e. erythroid] gene expression.
Chromatin -- Structure. Globin genes -- Expression. Transcription factors. Erythropoiesis. Genetic transcription -- Regulation.
Despite being cloned over twenty years ago, many regulatory mechanisms of the β-globin genes have yet to be fully elucidated. The regulation of the β-globin locus in erythroid cells requires chromatin structural changes before the genes can be...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The SERM, Arzoxifene, and the rexinoid, LG100268, cooperate to prevent estrogen receptor-positive and -negative breast cancer as well as colon cancer.
Estrogen -- Receptors -- Regulation. Selective estrogen receptor modulators. Receptor-ligand complexes. Breast -- Cancer -- Chemoprevention. Colon (Anatomy) -- Cancer -- Chemoprevention.
We have previously shown that the selective estrogen receptor modulator, Arzoxifene (Arz), and the rexinoid, LG100268 (268) synergistically prevent breast cancer in an ER+ breast cancer model. This study was designed to determine the mechanism of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Transcriptional regulation of the neuronal nACh receptor ?4 subunit gene.
Nicotinic receptors -- Genetic aspects. Gene expression. Molecular genetics.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Identification of steroid-binding and phosphorylated sites within the glucocorticoid receptor
Glucocorticoids -- Receptors; Phosphorylation; Steroid-binding proteins
Dartmouth Dissertations

Circadian and non-circadian oscillators in Neurospora crassa.
Circadian rhythms. Neurospora crassa -- Genetics. Genetic transcription -- Regulation. Choline. Temperature. Circadian Rhythm -- genetics. Choline Deficiency -- genetics.
The circadian clock of the filamentous fungus, Neurospora crassa, consists of a frequency-white-collar ( frq-wc ) based and transcription-translation-derived oscillator. Negative feedback regulation is essential for the oscillatory process, in...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Identification and characterization of two mutants that affect Drosophila phototransduction.
Drosophila. Photoreceptors. TRP channels. Cellular signal transduction.
The phototransduction cascade in Drosophila is a prototypical G-protein signaling pathway and many of its components have been well-studied. Early genetic screens identified many of the major proteins involved in this pathway and study over the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Early events in insulin signaling: tyrosine phosphorylation and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activation.
Insulin -- Receptors. ; Tyrosine. ; Phosphorylation. ; Phosphoinositides.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Biophysical and ligand-binding characterization of the interleukin-2 receptor ß-subunit ectodomain.
Interleukin-2. ; T cells -- Receptors. ; Ligand binding (Biochemistry).
Dartmouth Dissertations

TGF-beta1 regulation of Th1 development and autoimmunity.
Transforming growth factors-beta. ; Th1 cells. ; Transcription factors. ; Autoimmunity. ; Cytokines. ; Immune response -- Regulation. ; T cells. ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes -- immunology.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Characterizing the roles of the central apparatus C1a projection complexes in motility regulation and axoneme assembly
The eukaryotic cilium (also called flagellum) is a complex, microtubule-based organelle that is found on many different cell types. It produces movement by the precise activation of dyneins that are located along the length and the circumference of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Novel methods for improved identification throughput and high-resolution scoring for proteomics
The field of proteomics aims to identify and quantify the protein contents of a biological sample. The mass spectrometer is the instrument of choice to characterize these proteins. In the typical proteomics experiment, mass spectra are collected...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Analytical and computational approaches for quantitative phosphoproteomics / by Jason M. Gilmore.
Protein phosphorylation is an important regulatory mechanism for the control of countless processes in living systems. The delicate management of phosphate attachment to, and removal from, serine, threonine and tyrosine residues in proteins...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Characterization of the monosaccharide transport system of the thioglycollate-elicited mouse peritoneal macrophage and in vitro actions of glucocorticoids on macrophage growth, glucose metabolism, and monosaccharide transport
Glucose -- Metabolism. Macrophages. Glucocorticoids. Mice
Dartmouth Dissertations

Characterization of factors critical for initial stages of Vibrio cholerae intestinal colonization.
Vibrio cholerae -- Molecular genetics. ; Bacteria -- Adhesion. ; Virulence (Microbiology) -- Molecular aspects. ; Pili (Microbiology). ; DNA-binding proteins. ; Cholera -- Pathogenesis.
Vibrio cholerae is the etiologic agent of cholera in humans. Intestinal colonization occurs via ingestion of contaminated food and water and results in symptoms that include the production of the characteristic rice water stool, vomiting, and...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Identification of signaling pathways coordinating cell growth and division in fission yeast / by Lin Deng
Cell growth and division are coordinated to keep homeostasis of cell size. The components of the core machinery are conserved in a wide range of cell types. Fission yeast (S. pombe) has been an important model organism to study cell size control...
Dartmouth Dissertations

A proteomics approach to NIMA-related kinase signaling in mitosis / by Sierra N. Cullati
NIMA-related kinases (Neks) control several aspects of cell division downstream of master mitotic regulators such as Cdk1 and Plk1. Though depletion of Nek6, Nek7, or Nek9 results in cytokinesis failure, to date no molecular mechanism has been...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Regulation of Wnt/Wingless signaling by the ADP-ribose polymerase Tankyrase / by Zhenghan Wang
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway controls numerous biological processes from embryogenesis to adult homeostasis; aberrant Wnt signaling underlies a wide range of human diseases. In the absence of Wnt stimulation, a multiprotein “destruction...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Plasmodium falciparum SERA protein transgenics used in the study of parasite immunobiology and drug resistance.
Plasmodium falciparum -- Immunological aspects. ; Plasmodium falciparum -- Genetics. ; Toxoplasma gondii -- Genetics. ; Serine proteinases. ; Transgenic organisms. ; Drug resistance in microorganisms -- Genetic aspects.
Genetic and immunological tools have been used to study two protozoan parasites, Plasmodium falciparum and Toxoplasma gondii. Toxoplasma gondii provides an excellent model for the study of protozoan parasite biology. Plasmodium falciparum causes...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Rhodopsin-arrestin complex formation as a novel mechanism for light-dependent retinal degeneration.
Visual pigments. ; Cellular signal transduction. ; Rhodopsin. ; G proteins. ; Phosphorylation. ; Photoreceptors. ; Retinal degeneration.
Arrestins are regulatory proteins that participate in the termination of G protein-mediated signal transduction. The major arrestin in the Drosophila visual system, Arrestin 2 (Arr2), has been demonstrated to be essential for the termination of the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Biological and receptor binding properties of interleukin-2 analogs employing site-directed mutagenesis and filamentous phage display.
Interleukin-2 -- Derivatives. ; Ligand binding (Biochemistry). ; Mutagenesis.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Insulin regulation of the glucose transporters in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and BC3H-1 myocytes.
Glucose -- Physiological transport. ; Insulin -- Physiological effect. ; Fat cells. ; Muscle cells.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Novel inhibitors of MMP-1 and MMP-13 gene expression as potential therapies for arthritis.
Collagenases -- Genetic aspects. Collagenases -- Pathophysiology. Metalloproteinases -- Genetic aspects. Metalloproteinases -- Pathophysiology. Transcription factors. Extracellular matrix proteins. Cartilage -- Diseases. Arthritis -- Genetic...
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of endopeptidases that collectively degrade all components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) at neutral pH. During the progression of arthritis, MMPs mediate the degradation of cartilage, which consists...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in an insulinoma cell line, adipocytes and muscle.
Protein kinases. ; Adenylic acid. ; Islands of Langerhans -- Tumors. ; Fat cells. ; Muscle cells. ; Adenoviruses.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Investigation of the molecular basis of directed particle movement in the squid giant axon.
Axonal transport. ; Molecular dynamics. ; Squids.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Molecular characterization of human deoxyribonuclease II[alpha]: structural determinants of activity and therapeutic implications.
Deoxyribonucleases. ; Deoxyribonucleases -- Therapeutic use. ; Endonucleases -- Genetic aspects. ; Structure-activity relationships (Biochemistry). ; Pichia pastoris -- Cytogenetics. ; Cystic fibrosis -- Chemotherapy.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Von Hippel Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor regulation of MT1-MMP in renal cell carcinoma.
Antioncogenes. Metalloproteinases. Genetic regulation. Kidneys -- Cancer.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Regulation of human cytochrome P4501A2 gene (CYP1A2) expression: isolation and functional analysis of the 5'-flanking region.
Cytochrome P-450. ; Genetic regulation. ; Genetic transcription.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Identification and role of protein-protein interactions in signaling by the ethylene receptors of Arabidopsis.
Protein-protein interactions. ; Ethylene -- Receptors. ; Cellular signal transduction. ; Arabidopsis -- Genetics.
There are five ethylene receptors (ETR1, ERS1, ETR2, ERS2, and EIN4) in Arabidopsis. In this study, I tested the hypothesis that ethylene receptors mediate ethylene signaling through protein-protein interactions. First, I demonstrated that ethylene...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Characterization of ccg-1, a clock-controlled gene of Neurospora crassa.
Biological rhythms. ; Genetic regulation. ; Neurospora crassa.
Dartmouth Dissertations

HSET motor function during mammalian mitosis and meiosis.
Tubulins. ; Microtubules. ; Cell division. ; Kinesin. ; Cytoskeletal proteins. ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins.
Microtubule motors are essential for cell division. Although the functions of some mitotic motor proteins have been elucidated, the precise mechanisms by which they govern spindle assembly and chromosome segregation remain largely unknown. This...
Dartmouth Dissertations

A molecular and genetic analysis of the requirement of SadB for modulating surface-associated behaviors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14.
Biofilms. Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- Genetics. Pseudomonas aeruginosa -- Development. Bacteria -- Motility. Biofilms -- growth and development.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the model organisms used to study the developmental process of biofilm formation in Gram-negative bacteria. Recently, a genetic approach {O'Toole, 1998 #404} was taken to study biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa and...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Pre-clinical evaluation of the novel synthetic triterpenoid CDDO-imidazolide.
Triterpenoid saponins -- Physiological effect. ; Triterpenoid saponins -- Mechanism of action. ; Triterpenoid saponins -- Therapeutic use. ; Imidazoles. ; Cancer cells -- Growth -- Regulation.
1[2-Cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oyl]imidazole (CDDO-lm) is a novel synthetic triterpenoid superior to its parent compound, 2-cyano-3, 12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO), both in vitro and in vivo. CDDO-Im is highly active in...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Mechanisms for chromium-induced signaling changes in pulmonary epithelial cells.
Chromium -- Pathophysiology. ; Lungs -- Pathophysiology. ; Epithelial cells. ; Cellular signal transduction. ; Transcription factors -- Pathophysiology. ; Protein kinases -- Pathophysiology. ; src-Family Kinases. ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases.
Both human epidemiological and animal studies have associated inhalation of chromium(VI) (Cr(VI)) with increased incidence of pulmonary disease. This thesis examined the hypotheses that Cr(VI) activates cell signaling through kinase cascades and...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Growth regulation of rat hepatocytes by the liver tumor promoter ethinyl estradiol.
Ethinyl estradiol. ; Liver cells. ; Liver -- Growth.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Regulation of constitutive MMP-1 expression by the ERK signaling cascade in tumor cells.
Metalloproteinases -- Genetic aspects. ; Metalloproteinases -- Pathophysiology. ; Cellular signal transduction. ; Breast -- Cancer -- Genetic aspects. ; Protein kinases -- Genetic aspects. ; Extracellular matrix proteins. ; Extracellular...
Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression is controlled by the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway(s) via the activity of activator protein-1 (AP-1) and polyoma enhancing activity-3/E26 virus (PEA3/ETS) transcription factors through...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The interplay between GATA4-FOG2 transcriptional regulation and the canonical WNT signaling pathway in mouse organogenesis.
Mice -- Morphogenesis. ; Mice -- Genetics. ; Transcription factors. ; Cellular signal transduction. ; Genetic regulation. ; GATA4 Transcription Factor -- genetics. ; Wnt Proteins -- physiology.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The contribution of a single nucleotide polymorphism to endogenous MMP-1 gene expression, and the contribution of MMP-1 expression to breast cancer cell invasion and tumorigenesis.
Genetic polymorphisms. Metalloproteinases -- Genetic aspects. Metalloproteinases -- Pathophysiology. Breast -- Cancer -- Genetic aspects. Carcinogenesis.
Extra cellular matrix (ECM) provides structural support for the body and also contributes to cell proliferation and migration. Modification ECM is an important part of normal physiology, and integral to a variety of pathologies including tumor...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Aneuploidy and chromosomal instability.
Aneuploidy. Chromosome abnormalities. Tumors -- Genetic aspects. Microtubules. Medical Term: Chromosomal Instability.
Most solid tumors are aneuploid, and many tumor cells persistently mis-segregate whole chromosomes at an elevated rate in a process called chromosomal instability (CIN). CIN occurs due to loss of chromosome segregation fidelity during mitosis,...
Dartmouth Dissertations

A reciprocal relationship between Scavenger Receptor-A and toll-like receptor 4 in bacterial phagocytosis and endotoxic shock resistance.
Cell receptors. Phagocytosis -- Immunological aspects. Septic shock -- Immunological aspects. Bacterial diseases -- Immunological aspects. Natural immunity. Medical Term Receptors, Cell Surface -- physiology. Toll-Like Receptors -- physiology.
An organism's long-term survival is critically dependent on its ability to protect itself from pathogenic microbial infections. The first line of defense against such infections is the branch of the immune response referred to as the innate immune...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Discovery and characterization of the calmodulin-binding Pcdp1 complex required for coordination of dynein-driven flagellar motility
Calmodulin.;""Dynein."";""Cells -- Motility."";""Co-Repressor Proteins/""
Dartmouth Dissertations

The involvement of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins in vinblastine-induced apoptosis.
Therapeutics, Experimental. Leukemia -- Genetics. Leukemia -- Chemotherapy. Apoptosis. bcl2-Associated Death Protein. Vinblastine. Flavopiridol.
The efficacy of many chemotherapeutic agents can be attenuated by expression of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-X and Mcl-1. When ML-1 leukemia cells are incubated with vinblastine, they rapidly upregulate Mcl-1. Suppression of Mcl-1 with...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Phospho-regulation of the kinesin-13 Kif2b ensures error-free mitosis
Solid tumors are frequently aneuploid and many display high rates of ongoing chromosome mis-segregation in a phenomenon called chromosomal instability (CIN). The most common cause of CIN is the persistence of aberrant kinetochore-microtubule (k-MT)...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Secondhand-smoke exposure affects the risk of cardiovascular disease / by Jennifer Carol Davey.
Secondhand cigarette smoke (SHCS) is a serious pollutant that significantly increases the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in millions of people worldwide. A large proportion of those exposed to SHCS are children. Female C57B16 mice were...
Dartmouth Dissertations

MicroRNA-10b promotes pancreatic cancer cell invasion by suppressing TIP30 and enhancing EGF and TGF-[beta] actions / by Haoxu Ouyang
MicroRNA-10b (miR-10b) is considered a marker of disease aggressiveness in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), in view of the fact that lower levels of miR-10b are associated with better response to neoadjuvant therapy, likelihood of surgical...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Rejuvenation of cohesion during meiotic prophase is required for maintenance of chiasmata and accurate chromosome segregation / by Katherine Adalia Weng.
Accurate chromosome segregation in human oocytes requires that meiotic sister chromatid cohesion remain intact for decades and work in model organisms indicates that deterioration of meiotic cohesion over time may be a major determinant of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

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