Dartmouth Digital Library Program

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Synthetic studies of Munchnone reactivity and applications and the total synthesis of cyclopenta[B]indole natural products / by Justin M. Lopchuk.
Chapter 1: Munchnones and mesoionic heterocycles The reactivity, regioselectivity, and synthetic applications of munchnones (1,3-oxazolium-5-olates) is a common theme which runs through Chapters 2-5. The definition, structure, and reactivity of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Combined MRI and near-infrared spectroscopy for increased specificity of breast cancer imaging / by Michael A. Mastanduno.
A yearly breast contrast-MR scan is recommended to high-risk women because of MR's high sensitivity to breast tumors. However, breast contrast-MR yields a high number of false positives that lead to expensive and sometimes unnecessary biopsy...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Acquisition and registration of 3D optical surface scanning, MRI, and microwave tomographic imaging for improved clinical breast imaging and surgical planning / by Matthew John Pallone.
Continual improvements to clinical breast imaging technologies have led to ever earlier detections and increasingly accurate localizations of female breast cancers. While these advancements have certainly improved the prognoses of many patients,...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Understanding the vulnerabilities of tumors : a network-based approach to drug target discovery / by Nadia M. Penrod.
The demand for novel molecularly targeted drugs will continue to rise as we make progress toward personalizing cancer treatments to the molecular signatures of individual tumors. While the collection and analysis of genomic data has become routine,...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Advancement of magnetic resonance poroelastography for applications in brain imaging / by Adam J. Pattison.
Brain tissue mechanics are an important biomarker for neurological disorders, yet methods to obtain tissue information yield inconsistent conclusions. These techniques can be invasive or require excised tissue, where tissue function is altered from...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Sampling for complexity in rendering / by Jiawei Ou.
As the visual effect and movie industries are striving for realism and high fidelity images, physically based lighting, global illumination, realistic materials, and highly tessellated geometry are gradually accepted and used in movie and game...
Dartmouth Dissertations

MicroRNA-10b promotes pancreatic cancer cell invasion by suppressing TIP30 and enhancing EGF and TGF-[beta] actions / by Haoxu Ouyang
MicroRNA-10b (miR-10b) is considered a marker of disease aggressiveness in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), in view of the fact that lower levels of miR-10b are associated with better response to neoadjuvant therapy, likelihood of surgical...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia as an adjuvant cancer therapy with chemotherapy / by Alicia Ailie Petryk.
Magnetic nanoparticle-based hyperthermia for cancer treatment is a promising technology, particularly when applied as part of an adjuvant strategy with established cancer therapies (chemotherapy, radiation and surgery). In Europe, early clinical...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Estradiol regulation of innate immune protection in the human female reproductive tract / by Mickey Vinay Patel.
Estradiol is a key regulator of immune protection in the female reproductive tract (FRT). Its concentration varies during the menstrual cycle, leading to changes in innate immune protection. In this thesis, I demonstrate the multiple levels at...
Dartmouth Dissertations

A computational study of radio relics in galaxy cluster mergers / by Dane Patrick Owen.
Radio relics are extended regions of synchrotron radio emission that have been found in the outskirts of a few dozen galaxy clusters. Relics are often associated with clusters undergoing merger activity. They are not associated optically with a...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Rejuvenation of cohesion during meiotic prophase is required for maintenance of chiasmata and accurate chromosome segregation / by Katherine Adalia Weng.
Accurate chromosome segregation in human oocytes requires that meiotic sister chromatid cohesion remain intact for decades and work in model organisms indicates that deterioration of meiotic cohesion over time may be a major determinant of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Phosphoproteomic strategies to identify aberrant kinase signaling in lung cancer / by Devin Karl Schweppe
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the USA and worldwide causing 160,000 and 1.5 million deaths per year, respectively. Due to the late stage of diagnosis, poor efficacy of chemotherapies (targeted and pleiotropic), and...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Endogenous leukocyte activation by chimeric antigen receptor T cell immunotherapy / by Paul Spear.
Many protocols for adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) include preparative conditioning strategies to deplete host lymphocytes prior to T cell infusion. Total body irradiation and high-dose chemotherapy regimens not only relieve immunosuppression, but...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Using theory to predict phase behaviour in liquids, copolymer melts, and ultrathin polymer films / by Nicholas B. Tito.
Thermodynamics, and the classic balance between entropy and enthalpy, provides a proverbial zoo of exotic phase behaviour that chemists can harness to create new materials out of simple liquids and polymers. The diversity of self-assembling...
Dartmouth Dissertations

A framework of computational opinions / by Fei Yu.
We have a limited understanding of how an opinion is originated, how an opinion and information supporting and explaining it gets conveyed, and how the communicated opinion is perceived and processed by others. One direction of current research...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Laying a solid foundation for Manhattan : 'setting the functional basis for the post-GWAS era' / by Xiaoyang Zhang
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 8,900 genetic variants, mainly single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), associated with hundreds of human traits and diseases, which define risk-associated loci (Hindorff et al., 2012 ...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Alterations in the production of bacteriochlorophyll a and okenone in purple sulfur bacteria : implications for the interpretaion of their biomarkers / by Derek A. Smith.
Purple sulfur bacteria (PSB) can dominate the nitrogen, carbon, and sulfur cycles in anoxic ecosystems via their anoxygenic photosynthetic metabolisms and are the only producers of the carotenoid, okenone, a biomarker targeted for photic zone...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Crevasse detection in ice sheets using ground penetrating radar and machine learning / by Rebecca M. Williams.
The purpose of this thesis is to describe methods for detecting hidden crevasses on glaciers in Polar regions. Crevasses form in ice sheets as a result of forces imposed upon the brittle ice. The crevasses are hidden from view by bridges of soft...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Utilization and health outcomes in a spatial model of the US health care system / by Laura C. Yasaitis.
Objectives: This dissertation comprises three essays on geographic variations in healthcare, and the association between utilization and health outcomes. I first explore associations between outpatient visits and Medicare beneficiaries'...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Brain repair after trauma : birth and migration of immature neurons after focal traumatic brain injury in piglets and human children / by Sabrina Rose Taylor.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of acquired disability in children, yet innate repair mechanisms are incompletely understood. A possible innate mechanism to repair injury after insult is neurogenesis - the birth, migration,...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The evolution of mate recognition in Oecanthus tree crickets / by Laurel Symes.
Many organisms recognize and respond to categories: predator, prey, rival, or juvenile. Organisms recognize these ecologically-important categories by assessing diverse sensory stimuli. A primary focus of my research has been understanding how...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Security-policy analysis with eXtended unix tools / by Gabriel A. Weaver.
During our fieldwork with real-world organizations---including those in Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), network configuration management, and the electrical power grid---we repeatedly noticed that security policies and related security artifacts...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Chemico-physical and pharmacologic factors that influence delivery of IONPs to tumors in rodent breast cancer models / by Jennifer Tate.
Nanoparticles have made significant advances in recent years in the realm of cancer therapy. These nanoparticles typically range in size from 10-250nm in diameter, allowing for differential systemic-based biodistribution. The enhanced permeability...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Silicon/silicon-germanium quantum dots with single-electron transistor charge sensors / by Mingyun Yuan.
Si/SiGe quantum dots (QDs) are promising candidates for spin-based quantum bits (qubits) as a result of the reduced spin-orbit coupling as well as the Si isotopes with zero nuclear spin. Meanwhile qubit readout is a challenge related to...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Characterization of the role of Bacillithiol in Staphylococcus aureus / by Ana Catalina Posada.
As methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) hospitalizations keep increasing, the understanding of the characteristics that make one isolate more successful over another is paramount. Strain variations among Staphylococcus aureus observed...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Coordination of cell proliferation and cell fate determination by C. elegans CES-1 Snail / by Bo Yan.
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and their associated cyclins are key regulators of cell cycle progression. Caenorhabditis elegans has two predicted A- type cyclins, encoded by the genes cya-1 and cya-2. Cyclin A has been shown to be required for...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Examining functional variation in oncogene biology : the role of somatic mutations and germline variation on c-Myc and c-Myb / by Scott Andrew Turner.
The identification and characterization of functional genetic variation is essential for future advances in molecular diagnostics, pharmacogenomics, and personalized medicine. Recent attempts at identifying nucleotide level variation (somatic...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The effect of microstructure on firn gas transport / by Kaitlin M. Keegan
The processes affecting gas transport through the firn column are important to understand in order to accurately interpret climate records from ice cores. Historically, density measurements have been used to estimate open and closed porosity in the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Refocussing and virtual legendrian knots / by Asa Levi.
We begin with a result on the refocussing of null geodesics in space-times. We show that all oriented refocussing 2-dimensional Lorentz manifolds are also strongly refocussing. We also introduce a theory of virtual Legendrian knots. We show that...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Spectroscopic analyses of type Ia supernovae / by Jerod Parrent.
After decades of searching we have yet to find the progenitor systems for type Ia supernovae. In fact most of what we know about this homogeneous class of supernovae is from spectral features associated with the incinerated remains of the C+O white...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Dissecting the heterogeneity of breast tumor subtypes / by Nima Pouladi.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. The discovery of breast tumor subtypes and the subsequent development of treatments aimed at them has allowed a reduction in the mortality of breast cancer. However, tumors with similar...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Access control in and for the real world / by Sara Sinclair.
Access control is a core component of any information-security strategy. Researchers have spent tremendous energy over the past forty years defining abstract access-control models and proving various properties about them. However, surprisingly...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Characterization of an inducible model of a genetic prion disease in Drosophila melanogaster / by Archana Murali.
Prion diseases are progressive disorders that affect the central nervous system leading to memory loss, personality changes, ataxia and neurodegeneration. In humans, these disorders include Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, kuru and...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Bijective combinatorics of reduced decompositions / by Zachary Hamaker.
We study the bijective combinatorics of reduced words. These are fundamental objects in the study of Coxeter groups. We restrict our focus to reduced words of permutations and signed permutations. Our results can all be situated within the context...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Determining anthropogenic and natural controls on the global mercury cycle using lake sediment and ice cores ; by Samuel Adams Beal Jr.
While anthropogenic emissions of the toxic element mercury (Hg) to the atmosphere are currently rising, major uncertainties remain in determining the relative impacts of anthropogenic activity and natural processes on the global Hg cycle. In this...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Microbial mediation of plant-pollinator interactions / by Robert N. Schaeffer II.
Floral nectar of many plant species is prone to colonization by microorganisms. Their presence and metabolism have the potential to modify a suite of traits important for pollinator attraction, including nectar quality and scent. However, studies...
Dartmouth Dissertations

System and methodology for receptor-level fluorescence imaging during surgery / by Kristian Sexton.
Fluorescence molecular imaging will have an important clinical impact in the area of guided oncology surgery, where emerging technologies are poised to provide the surgeon with real-time molecular information to guide resection, using targeted...
Dartmouth Dissertations

SirT1 regulates vascular smooth muscle cell plasticity : implications for age-related cardiovascular disease / by Anne Marie Thompson.
Loss of vascular smooth muscle cell function is a hallmark of vascular disease. Vascular smooth muscle cells become increasingly resistant to phenotypic modulation, apoptotic and senescent. Sirtuin 1 (SirT1) is a deactylase that regulates...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Role of the Menin-MLL1 interaction in normal hematopoiesis and leukemia / by Bin Li.
Leukemia represents a small percentage of human cancer, accounting for about 5% of all cases of cancer in adults, but, interestingly, for about 50% of all cases of cancer in children. The behavior of leukemia is often regulated by the chromosomal...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Understanding PDZ affinity and selectivity: all residues considered / by Jeanine F. Amacher.
PDZ protein-protein interaction domains recognize short linear motif (SLiM) sequences typically at the extreme C-terminus of a target protein. These domains often act as scaffolds, connecting target proteins to additional interaction and catalytic...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Combined digital breast tomosynthesis and near-infrared spectral tomography for breast lesion characterization / by Kelly E. Michaelsen.
Annual screening mammograms are recommended for all women above 40 years of age for early detection of breast cancer, and are known to improve cancer mortality rates. However, mammography is hampered by low sensitivity and a high rate of false...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Traces on graph algebras / by Danny W. Crytser.
This thesis contains material relating to two separate subjects. The first section determines when the C*-algebra affiliated to a directed graph has continuous trace. We use groupoid methods and the focus is on producing conditions on a graph that...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Magnetic susceptibility imaging of magnetic nanoparticles / by Bradley W. Ficko.
Magnetic susceptibility imaging of magnetic nanoparticles (mNPs) has many potential applications in biomedicine such as contrast enhanced imaging and image guidance for magnetic hyperthermia therapy. This thesis describes three imaging methods...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Analytical and computational approaches for quantitative phosphoproteomics / by Jason M. Gilmore.
Protein phosphorylation is an important regulatory mechanism for the control of countless processes in living systems. The delicate management of phosphate attachment to, and removal from, serine, threonine and tyrosine residues in proteins...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The role of DEG/ENaC ion channel subunits in pheromone detection and mating behaviors in Drosophila melanogaster / by Vinoy Vijayan.
Gustatory pheromones regulate mating behaviors in Drosophila melanogaster and represent an important model for understanding how sensory stimuli can drive behavior. However, the genes and cells involved in pheromone detection have remained poorly...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Identification and characterization of signaling pathways underlying the tumorigenic activity of [Delta]Np63[alpha] in breast cancer stem cells / by Amanda Lynn Balboni.
Studies presented in this dissertation focus on the transcriptional targets and cellular functions of [Delta]Np63[alpha], the predominant TP63 isoform expressed in epithelial stem cell compartments. TP63, a member of the p53 family of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Modflows : methods for studying and managing mesh editing workflows / by Jonathan D. Denning.
At the heart of computer games and computer generated films lies 3D content creation. A student wanting to learn how to create and edit 3D meshes can quickly find thousands of videos explaining the workflow process. These videos are a popular...
Dartmouth Dissertations

In vivo degradation in modern orthopaedic UHMWPE bearings and structural characterization of a novel alternative UHMWPE material / by Steven D. Reinitz.
Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) remains the most common bearing material for total joint arthroplasty. Advances in radiation cross-linking and other post-consolidation treatments have led to a rapid differentiation of polyethylene...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Temperature effects on food web interactions : from lakes to landscapes / by Samuel Butler Fey.
Temperature has powerful effects on all scales of biological organization from biochemical reactions to ecosystem processes. Despite the well-appreciated influence and thorough understanding of the physiological and population consequences of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Multimodal electroencephalography and near-infrared spectroscopy neuroimaging measurement and analysis / by Paolo Giacometti
This project focuses on the development of research tools and methods that are used to study the relationship between neural activity and subsequent hemodynamic responses in the human brain. This relationship, referred to as neurovascular coupling,...
Dartmouth Dissertations

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