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Synthetic and mechanistic studies in tetrapyrrole chemistry.
Tetrapyrroles -- Synthesis. Tetrapyrroles -- Mechanism of action. Transition metal catalysts.
Previous studies have shown that the mucosal immune system is present in the female reproductive tract and under hormonal control. With the recognition that underlying stromal cells regulate epithelial cell function and hormonal responsiveness,...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Influence of stromal cells on uterine epithelial cell function: direct and indirect effects of estradiol on epithelial cell integrity and cytokine release.
Uterus -- Physiology. Epithelial cells. Cellular control mechanisms. Estradiol -- Physiological effect. Cytokines -- Physiological effect. Hepatocyte growth factor. Transforming growth factors-beta. Tumor necrosis factor. Stromal Cells --...
Previous studies have shown that the mucosal immune system is present in the female reproductive tract and under hormonal control. With the recognition that underlying stromal cells regulate epithelial cell function and hormonal responsiveness,...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Regulation of innate immunity of mouse uterine epithelial cells by keratinocyte growth factor and estradiol.
Epithelial cells. Uterus -- Physiology. Keratinocytes -- Physiological effect. Estradiol -- Physiological effect. Growth factors -- Physiological effect. Chemokines.
The mucosal immune system of the female reproductive tract (FRT) balances the dual functions of protection against invading pathogens and adaptation of the endometrial environment for successful fertilization and implantation. Growth factors are...
Dartmouth Dissertations

CFTR trafficking and polarization in epithelial cells.
Epithelial cells. ; Cellular control mechanisms. ; Membrane proteins -- Physiological transport. ; Cystic fibrosis -- Genetic aspects.
The topic of this thesis dissertation is the trafficking and polarization of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) and human airway epithelial cells. The thesis is divided into two...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The role of gut commensals in regulating susceptibility to acute liver damage / by Stela Celaj.
Liver disease of different etiologies confers significant morbidity and mortality and hence it constitutes a major health concern worldwide. Stemming from a range of causes, such as viral, drug-induced, alcoholic, or autoimmune, the rate of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Links and regulatory loops between phospholipase C activity and colonization by the O2-responsive regulator Anr in Pseudomonas aeruginosa / by Angelyca A. Jackson.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a virulent opportunistic pathogen that is frequently cultured from infectious sites, and is estimated to cause ~12% of nosocomial infections worldwide [1]. P. aeruginosa infections occur in a majority of adults with the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Effects of chronic anabolic androgenic steroid exposure on GABAergic neurotransmission and neuronal activity in the mamalian forebrain.
GABA -- Receptors. Anabolic steroids -- Physiological effect. Androgens -- Physiological effect. Prosencephalon. Neurotransmitters -- Effect of drugs on. Psychoneuroendocrinology.
Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are derivatives of testosterone originally designed for therapeutic applications to enhance anabolic potency (protein synthesis and muscle growth) while exerting low androgenic (masculinizing) effects. The...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Regulation of the haptoglobin-hemoglobin scavenger receptor CD163 in the inflammatory response to endotoxin.
CD antigens. Cell receptors. Endotoxins -- Pathophysiology. Glycoproteins -- Pathophysiology. Immune response -- Regulation. Septicemia -- Molecular aspects. Macrophages. Haptoglobins. Hemoglobin. Receptors
Sepsis is a worldwide problem with an annual mortality rate reaching as high as 45%. Understanding its pathogenesis and the innate immune response to infection is key to the development of new treatments. CD163, a monocyte/macrophage-specific...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Synthesis of porphobilinogen and studies on the synthesis of cobyric acid.
Tetrapyrroles -- Synthesis. ; Porphyrins -- Synthesis. ; Vitamin B12 -- Synthesis.
This thesis describes the synthetic study of two biologically related natural products: porphobilinogen (PBG) and cobyric acid. PBG is the key intermediate in the biosynthesis of all naturally occurring tetrapyrrolic 'pigments of life', including...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Effects of anabolic androgenic steroids on GABAA receptor function and expression.
Anabolic steroids -- Physiological effect. ; Androgens -- Physiological effect. ; GABA -- Receptors. ; GABA -- Physiological effect. ; Neurotransmitter receptors. ; Brain -- Physiology. ; Receptors GABA-A -- drug effects.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Combining near infrared tomography and magnetic resonance imaging to improve breast tissue chromophore and scattering assessment.
Breast -- Magnetic resonance imaging. Breast -- Tomography. Near infrared spectroscopy. Optical tomography. Imaging systems -- Design and construction. Diagnostic imaging -- Mathematical models.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Molecular characterization of the TCP biogenesis apparatus in Vibrio cholerae.
Vibrio cholerae -- Molecular genetics. Pili (Microbiology). Cholera -- Pathogenesis. Proteins -- Secretion.
Vibrio cholerae is a water-borne, Gram negative enteropathogen that causes the gastrointestinal disorder, cholera, in humans. A critical step in cholera pathogenesis is the attachment and colonization of intestinal cells, and the formation of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Large bowel polyps: aspects of epidemiology and diagnosis.
Intestine, Large -- Cancer -- Epidemiology. ; Intestine.
Colorectal cancer is the fourth most common cancer diagnosis and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Most colorectal cancers are believed to develop from precursor lesions known as colorectal adenomas....
Dartmouth Dissertations

Virulence and motility gene regulation in Vibrio cholerae.
Vibrio cholerae -- Molecular genetics. DNA-binding proteins. Genetic transcription -- Regulation. Promoters (Genetics)
The ctx and tcp genes that encode cholera toxin and the toxin co-regulated pilus, the major virulence determinants of Vibrio cholerae, are repressed by the nucleoid-associated protein H-NS and activated by the AraC-like transcriptional regulator...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Impact of semen on mucosal transmission of HIV
Semen is the major vector for sexual transmission of HIV worldwide, yet little is known about its role in modulating mucosal transmission of HIV. Understanding the impact of semen on mucosal transmission of HIV could open up novel means of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Control of the Notch signaling pathway in mammary gland development and carcinogenesis by the stem cell specific transcription factor [delta]Np63
The TP63 gene produces a series of transcription factors as a result of multiple promoter usage and alternative splicing. These protein products are members of the p53 family of transcription factors due to strong structural similarity with...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The SERM, Arzoxifene, and the rexinoid, LG100268, cooperate to prevent estrogen receptor-positive and -negative breast cancer as well as colon cancer.
Estrogen -- Receptors -- Regulation. Selective estrogen receptor modulators. Receptor-ligand complexes. Breast -- Cancer -- Chemoprevention. Colon (Anatomy) -- Cancer -- Chemoprevention.
We have previously shown that the selective estrogen receptor modulator, Arzoxifene (Arz), and the rexinoid, LG100268 (268) synergistically prevent breast cancer in an ER+ breast cancer model. This study was designed to determine the mechanism of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Understanding PDZ affinity and selectivity: all residues considered / by Jeanine F. Amacher.
PDZ protein-protein interaction domains recognize short linear motif (SLiM) sequences typically at the extreme C-terminus of a target protein. These domains often act as scaffolds, connecting target proteins to additional interaction and catalytic...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Targeting CFTR endocytic interactions as a therapeutic strategy in cystic fibrosis / by Lemira Sahar Al Ayyoubi.
Despite the recent FDA approval of the potentiator drug Kalydeco for treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF), only a small (3-5%) portion of patients benefit from this drug. Other functional classes of drugs including correctors are under clinical...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Novel dimensions in a fluid genome : an integrative risk analysis for cancers of the bladder and breast / by Asaf Wyszynski.
The present thesis is focused on developing a better understanding of factors driving disease biology and overall risk using cancers of the bladder and breast as model systems. As no single approach was likely to unravel the complexities of these...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Cif, a novel Pseudomonas aeruginosa toxin.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections -- Pathogenesis. Hydrolases. Membrane proteins -- Physiological transport. Genetic regulation. Epoxide Hydrolases -- genetics.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality amongst cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Following initial colonization of the CF lung by P. aeruginosa , the bacterium establishes chronic, long-term infections. Chronic P....
Dartmouth Dissertations

The isolation and characterization of squid p196: a new member of myosin-V class of proteins.
Myosin. Axonal transport. Neurons -- Physiology. Squids -- Nervous system.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Structural, functional, and biochemical approaches to understanding the role of the C1 microtubule of the flagellar central apparatus.
Microtubules. Dynein. ; Eukaryotic cells -- Motility.
The eukaryotic flagellum is a complex organelle that uses the force generated by dynein motors to cause beating motion of the flagellum. The central apparatus of eukaryotic flagella has been implicated in the regulation of dynein-driven motility....
Dartmouth Dissertations

Microwave tomographic imaging using dielectric contrast in temperature and tissue content
Breast -- Cancer -- Tomography. ; Breast -- Cancer -- Imaging. ; Microwave imaging in medicine. ; Breast -- Electric properties. ; Breast Neoplasms -- diagnosis. ; Diagnostic Imaging -- methods.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The in vitro generation and long-term culture of tumor-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes
Mouse leukemia viruses. ; Lymphocytes. ; T cells.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Analyses of SOS-type DNA repair processes in mammalian cells
DNA repair. ; Mammals -- Cytology. ; Mutagenesis
Dartmouth Dissertations

Characterizing the impact of single nucleotide variation in breast cancer / by Kinjal Desai
Genome sequencing technology has enabled the identification of genetic variants that are linked with cancer phenotypes, whether these are somatically acquired mutations or common inherited single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Whereas coding...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Targeting kinetochore-microtubule stability affects chromosome segregation and tumor growth in mice / by Christopher D. Laucius
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is defined as a high rate of whole chromosome loss or gain and is a hallmark of many aneuploid solid tumors. CIN positively correlates with poor patient prognosis and chemotherapeutic resistance. The persistence of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Differential effects of mitomycin C on constitutive and inducible gene expression in the chick embryo liver in vivo: correlation with developmental age and chromatin structure.
Mitomycin C -- Mechanism of action. ; Gene expression. ; Chromatin.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The role of CD40 in cutaneous and regional immune responses.
CD antigens. ; Immune response -- Regulation. ; T cells -- Receptors. ; Antigens CD40. ; Lymphoma.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Uterine epithelial cell release of MIP3, TNF and TGF in response to Escherichia coli, Lactobicillus rhamnosus and pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMP) and the influence of estradiol on cytokine release.
Epithelial cells. Estradiol -- Physiological effect. Tumor necrosis factor. Transforming growth factors-beta. Cytokines -- Pathophysiology. Escherichia coli. Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Uterus -- Pathophysiology.
The research presented in this thesis tested the hypothesis that uterine epithelial cells (UEC) are selectively responsive to bacteria and pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMP) and that responses are influenced by estradiol (E 2 ). We...
Dartmouth Dissertations

An effective distributed caching strategy for partial result reuse for discrete optimization problems.
Evolutionary computation. ; Cache memory. ; Mathematical optimization. ; Protein folding -- Computer simulation.
Evolutionary Computation (EC) is one of the most advanced computational techniques. It has been frequently and successfully used to find good solutions to many complicated optimization problems with limited computational resources. EC is the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Molecular characterization of human deoxyribonuclease II[alpha]: structural determinants of activity and therapeutic implications.
Deoxyribonucleases. ; Deoxyribonucleases -- Therapeutic use. ; Endonucleases -- Genetic aspects. ; Structure-activity relationships (Biochemistry). ; Pichia pastoris -- Cytogenetics. ; Cystic fibrosis -- Chemotherapy.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Actions of substances placed in the cat cerebrospinal fluid space.
Pharmacology, Experimental. ; Cats.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Investigation of trans-acting factors in AURE-mediated mRNA turnover.
Messenger RNA -- Metabolism. ; Trans-Activation (Genetics). ; RNA-protein interactions. ; Adenosine. ; Uridine. ; Lactate dehydrogenase. ; Genetic regulation. ; RNA-Binding Proteins. ; Protein processings Post-transcriptional. ; Hippel-Lindau...
Post-transcriptional pathways provide a major means of regulating eukaryotic gene expression. Reiterations of the AU-rich element (AURE) located within the 3' UTR of many labile cytokine and proto-oncogene mRNA serve as signals for rapid...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Vibrio cholerae H-NS: investigation of regulated genes and structure-function analysis.
Vibrio cholerae -- Genetics. ; DNA-binding proteins. ; Genetic transcription -- Regulation. ; Bacterial proteins.
H-NS, an abundant nucleoid associated protein, has a role in silencing the expression of a variety of environmentally regulated genes during growth under nonpermissive conditions. A genetic approach was used to study H-NS regulation of genes in...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The pathophysiology of transforming growth factor-beta in breast cancer.
Transforming growth factors-beta -- Pathophysiology. ; Breast -- Cancer -- Pathophysiology.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Differential MCL1 phosphorylation occurs through distinct pathways.
Myeloid leukemia -- Genetic aspects. ; Phosphorylation. ; Antioncogenes. ; Cancer cells -- Growth -- Regulation. ; Immune response -- Regulation.
Protein kinase C activators and microtubule damaging drugs stimulate BCL2 phosphorylation, which has been associated with either enhancement or inhibition of cell viability. In a Burkitt lymphoma cell line, both types of agents likewise stimulated...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Cloning and expression of HVACM, a cullin protein, from small cell lung cancer.
Vasopressin -- Receptors. ; Small cell lung cancer. ; Genetic regulation. ; Molecular cloning. ; Immunohistochemistry.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The organization of the intestine brush border cytoskeleton.
Intestines. ; Cell physiology.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Targeting G1 cyclins in cancer chemoprevention.
Bronchi -- Cancer -- Chemoprevention. ; Cyclins. ; Retinoids -- Therapeutic use. ; Cellular control mechanisms. ; G1 Phase.
Retinoids, natural and synthetic derivatives of vitamin A, are active in cancer treatment and chemoprevention. There is a need for an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms that account for retinoid response or resistance in lung cancer...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The regulation of gene expression by BRCA1 splice-variants in human mammary epithelial cells.
Antioncogenes. ; Genetic transcription -- Regulation. ; Mutation (Biology). ; Epithelial cells. ; Mammary glands -- Tumors. ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins. ; Breast Neoplasms -- genetics. ; BRCA1 Protein. ; Genes BRCA1 -- physiology.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Requirements for the signaling of lysosomal secretion: two studies.
Lysosomes. ; Secretion.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Cellular and molecular effects of chromium on the activity and expression of fibrinolytic proteins in epithelial cells.
Chromium -- Therapeutic use. ; Fibrinolysis. ; Epithelial cells. ; Pulmonary fibrosis.
Transition metals play critical roles in biological systems as essential components of metalloproteins and metalloenzymes, as diagnostic probes and pharmaceuticals, and in some instances, as sources of toxicity. Cellular concentrations vary...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Estimation of effective scatterer size and number density in near-infrared tomography.
Optical tomography. ; Mie scattering. ; Image analysis -- Mathematics. ; Breast -- Imaging. ; Diagnostic imaging.
Light scattering from tissue originates from the fluctuations in intra-cellular and extra-cellular components, so it is possible that macroscopic scattering spectroscopy could be used to quantify sub-microscopic structures. Both electron microscopy...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Regulation of ENaC expression by corticosteroids and SGK1 in cortical collection duct cells and mammary epithelial cells.
Sodium channels. Adrenocortical hormones. Protein kinases. Epithelial cells. Mammary glands. Sgk protein.
Regulation of transepithelial sodium transport by corticosteroids occurs in two phases: early and delayed. The early phase involves the activation and translocation of pre-existing epithelial sodium channels (ENaC); whereas, the delayed phase...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Murine transgenic cyclin E lung cancer models as discovery tools.
Lungs -- Cancer -- Etiology. Cyclins -- Pathophysiology. Carcinogenesis -- Genetic aspects. Transgenic mice. MicroRNAs.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. There is a pressing need for improved ways to treat or prevent lung cancer. Murine lung cancer models are previously reported. Although these have explored pathways involved in lung...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Investigating the role of ARP2/3 complex and formins in assembly of cell surface protusions.
Cells -- Motility. Cell membranes -- Formation. Cytoskeletal proteins. Actin. Cell Movement -- physiology. Actin-Related Protein 2-3 Complex -- physiology. Microvilli.
Despite years of study, the mechanisms by which cells protrude their leading edge during cell motility are still highly controversial. Two candidates for mediating this actin-based process are the Arp2/3 complex and formin family proteins. In order...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Temporal regulation of microRNA expression during animal development.
RNA. Cells -- Growth -- Regulation. Caenorhabditis elegans -- Genetics. Caenorhabditis elegans -- Development. Drosophila melanogaster -- Genetic aspects. Drosophila melanogaster -- Development. Neurons -- Growth. Animal genetics.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are recently discovered family of genes with short non-coding RNA transcripts of 18 to 25 nucleotides in length. lin-4 and let-7 , the founding members of the miRNA gene family, control the timing of developmental programs in the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

A reciprocal relationship between Scavenger Receptor-A and toll-like receptor 4 in bacterial phagocytosis and endotoxic shock resistance.
Cell receptors. Phagocytosis -- Immunological aspects. Septic shock -- Immunological aspects. Bacterial diseases -- Immunological aspects. Natural immunity. Medical Term Receptors, Cell Surface -- physiology. Toll-Like Receptors -- physiology.
An organism's long-term survival is critically dependent on its ability to protect itself from pathogenic microbial infections. The first line of defense against such infections is the branch of the immune response referred to as the innate immune...
Dartmouth Dissertations

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