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A generalized least-squares minimization method for near infrared diffuse optical tomography.
Optical tomography. ; Near infrared spectroscopy. ; Image analysis -- Mathematical models. ; Imaging systems -- Image quality -- Mathematical models. ; Image reconstruction -- Mathematical models. ; Least squares. Breast -- Tomography.
Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) has the potential to become a non-invasive and non-ionizing diagnostic imaging technique for breast cancer imaging. DOT uses near-infrared (NIR) light to illuminate the breast, generally through the use of fiber...
Dartmouth Dissertations

A reciprocal relationship between Scavenger Receptor-A and toll-like receptor 4 in bacterial phagocytosis and endotoxic shock resistance.
Cell receptors. Phagocytosis -- Immunological aspects. Septic shock -- Immunological aspects. Bacterial diseases -- Immunological aspects. Natural immunity. Medical Term Receptors, Cell Surface -- physiology. Toll-Like Receptors -- physiology.
An organism's long-term survival is critically dependent on its ability to protect itself from pathogenic microbial infections. The first line of defense against such infections is the branch of the immune response referred to as the innate immune...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Nonlinear theory of the Cerenkov maser.
Cherenkov radiation. ; Maser physics.
The Cerenkov Maser radiation is examined using linear and nonlinear theory. Linear theories for the gain in the single particle and the collective limits have been given previously. In this work, we show the connections between these two operating...
Dartmouth Dissertations

$Stark-geometry photorefractive multiple quantum well spatial light modulators.$
Stark-geometry photorefractive multiple quantum well spatial light modulators.
Light modulators -- Mathematical models. ; Quantum wells. ; Photorefractive materials. ; Optoelectronic devices -- Mathematical models.
Stark-geometry photorefractive multiple quantum well (PR-MQW) spatial light modulators (SLMs) show promise for several optoelectronic applications such as high-speed image correlation and real-time 3-D holographic imaging. Their performance is...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The role of the Drosophila SK channel in sensory processing and behavior / by Ahmad Nawwaf Abou Tayoun.
Partially ordered sets. ; Forcing (Model theory). ; Set theory.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Targeting of the erythroid transcription factor, GATA-1, to specific locations within the human genome.
Globin genes -- Expression. ; Transcription factors. ; Genetic transcription -- Regulation.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Measuring quality of life in economic evaluations of treatment for severe mental illness.
Quality of life -- Evaluation. ; Health status indicators. ; Psychiatric rating scales. ; Mental illness -- Treatment -- Evaluation. ; Mental illness -- Treatment -- Economic aspects. ; Mental illness -- Treatment -- Social aspects.
Background. It is not clear whether a generic quality-of-life instrument can appropriately represent severe mental illness in an economic evaluation. This problem is particularly salient for resource-allocation decisions where policymakers compare...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Fault modeling and design of dynamic logic.
Logic programming. ; Electronic digital computers -- Circuits -- Testing -- Mathematical models. ; Fault-tolerant computing.
Today''s fastest microprocessors, logic chips, and even memory chips employ dynamic logic as the key part to achieving advanced performance. Dynamic logic only retains the correct data state briefly and is far less robust than previous technologies...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The function of perceived gaze direction in emotion and person perception.
Gaze -- Psychological aspects. ; Facial expression. ; Body language.
The primary goal of the current research was to examine the effect of perceived gaze direction on the perception and processing of facially communicated emotion. There is good reason to believe that gaze direction and facial displays of emotion...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Addressing and assessing spirituality in primary care medicine.
Medicine -- Religious aspects. Health -- Religious aspects. Spirituality -- Health aspects. Spirituality -- Testing. Primary care (Medicine). Patients -- Religious life.
Background . Although the epidemiology of spirituality/religion is still an emerging field, initial research suggests spirituality may promote better health. Additionally, physician-inquiry about spirituality may enhance the quality and possibly...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Cytoskeletal reorganization in B lymphocyte activation.
Lymphocyte transformation.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Nucleophilic addition to electron deficient indoles and the synthesis of fused heterocyclic ring systems.
Indole -- Synthesis. ; Heterocyclic compounds -- Synthesis.
The chemistry of indole can be reversed and redirected by the addition of powerful electron-withdrawing groups. Incorporation of a nitro group at C-2 or C-3 renders the adjacent carbon susceptible to nucleophilic attack. Nitro, cyano, and...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The glucose transporter is a glycoprotein of Mr 55,000 and is probably not phosphorylated in response to biological activators of transport.
Glycoproteins. ; Monoclonal antibodies. ; Immune response.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Allosteric modulation of GABAa receptors by anabolic-androgenic steroids.
GABA -- Receptors. Allosteric regulation. ; Anabolic steroids -- Physiological effect. ; Androgens -- Physiological effect. ; Receptors
Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are synthetic derivatives of the gonadal hormone, testosterone. Despite their many untoward side effects, AAS are wildly abused for their ergogenic properties. AAS have numerous effects on many organ systems,...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Rhodopsin-arrestin complex formation as a novel mechanism for light-dependent retinal degeneration.
Visual pigments. ; Cellular signal transduction. ; Rhodopsin. ; G proteins. ; Phosphorylation. ; Photoreceptors. ; Retinal degeneration.
Arrestins are regulatory proteins that participate in the termination of G protein-mediated signal transduction. The major arrestin in the Drosophila visual system, Arrestin 2 (Arr2), has been demonstrated to be essential for the termination of the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Isolation and characterization of essential genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae required for the efficient nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of mRNA.
Messenger RNA. ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ; Cytoplasm.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Analytical and computational approaches for quantitative phosphoproteomics / by Jason M. Gilmore.
Protein phosphorylation is an important regulatory mechanism for the control of countless processes in living systems. The delicate management of phosphate attachment to, and removal from, serine, threonine and tyrosine residues in proteins...
Dartmouth Dissertations

High resolution infrared spectroscopy and photolysis of solutes in cryogenic solids.
Infrared spectroscopy. ; Photodissociation. ; Argon. ; Nitrogen.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Mechanisms for the regulation of fibrinolysis and cytokine expression by nickel.
Pulmonary fibrosis -- Pathophysiology. ; Fibrinolysis --Genetic aspects. ; Cytokines. ; Immune response -- Regulation. ; Nickel -- Toxicology. ; Lungs -- Dust diseases.
Human epidemiological and animal studies have associated inhalation of nickel dusts with increased incidence of pulmonary fibrosis. The current studies examined the hypothesis that nickel promotes pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting fibrinolysis and...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Transformation-group C*-algebras with bounded trace.
C*-algebras. ; Transformation groups.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The role of BRCA1 in estrogen receptor-α regulation in breast cancer.
Breast -- Cancer -- Genetic aspects. ; Estrogen -- Receptors -- Regulation. ; Genetic transcription -- Regulation. ; BRCA1 Protein. ; Breast Neoplasms -- genetics. ; Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic. ; Repressor Proteins.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Dependence of snow thermal and electrical conductiveness on microstructure.
Snow -- Thermal properties. ; Snow -- Electric properties. ; Microstructure.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Discovering MII1 regulated pathways in hematopoietic stem cells.
Hematopoietic stem cells. ; Hematopoietic stem cell disorders -- Genetic aspects. ; Genetic transcription -- Regulation. ; Leukemia -- Genetic aspects. ; Cell proliferation. ; Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein -- genetics.
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) balance self-renewal with the continuous production of the suitable numbers of lineage-restricted progenitor cells. In this work we demonstrate that the Mixed lineage leukemia 1 (Mll1) gene is essential for this...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Diagonalizing spaces of Hilbert cusp forms.
Hilbert modular surfaces. ; Hecke operators. ; Cusp forms (Mathematics). ; Fourier analysis.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Development and application of a dual-excitation, digital imaging, fluorescence microscope to investigate parathyroid hormone-stimulated calcium transport in kidney distal tubule cells.
Fluorescence microscopy. ; Calcium -- Physiological transport -- Measurement. ; Renal tubular transport -- Measurement.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Methods for rapid EEG-based mapping of human brain functions.
Electroencephalography. ; Brain mapping -- Methodology. ; Evoked potentials (Electrophysiology).
Brain mapping via EEG activation is a useful tool of basic neuroscience, and has wide clinical applications as well. The mapping is achieved by means of Event Related Potentials (ERPs), task-related changes in EEG time series. The methodology of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Th-dependent B cell activation.
B cells. ; T cells. ; Cell interaction. ; Body fluids -- Immunology.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The dorsal tegmental nucleus of Gudden and angular velocity integration in the head direction system.
Space perception. ; Motion perception (Vision). ; Vestibular apparatus.
Head Direction (HD) cells are neurons located primarily in the limbic system that fire as a function of directional heading in the horizontal, or yaw, plane in the freely moving animal. Our hypothesis is that the HD signal is the result of two...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Hamiltonians, invariants and magnetic field-line topology.
Magnetic fields -- Mathematical models. ; Hamiltonian systems. ; Invariants.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Effects of selenium deficiency on deiodinase expression and thyroid hormone economy in the rat during development.
Thyroid hormones -- Physiological effect. ; Selenium -- Physiological effect. ; Thyroid hormones -- Synthesis.
The iodothyronine deiodinases, D1, D2, and D3, play a crucial role in determining the circulating and intracellular levels of active and inactive thyroid hormone (TH), and thus have a major effect on TH action during development and adulthood. The...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Quantitative analysis of EEG for the detection and localization of seizures in patients with medically refractory epilepsy.
Electroencephalography -- Data processing. ; Epilepsy -- Diagnosis. ; Signal processing -- Mathematics. ; Time-series analysis. ; Wavelets (Mathematics).
Visual interpretation of the EEG associated with an epileptic seizure (ictal EEG) can be cumbersome and sometimes misleading, due to rapid seizure spread, limited spatial resolution and the fact that signals of interest are often obscured by...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Providing evidence and measurement tools to support health care reform in communities.
Community health services -- United States -- Evaluation. ; Health care reform -- United States. ; Medical care -- United States -- Evaluation. ; Evidence-based medicine.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Isolation of interleukin-2-induced immediate-early genes.
Interleukin-2.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Behavioral, psychophysiological, and neural responses to ambiguously valenced facial expressions.
Facial expression. Emotions -- Social aspects. Emotions -- Physiological aspects. Ambiguity. Neuropsychology.
Successfully navigating our social world requires the ability to understand the facial expressions of others. Indeed, facial expressions provide information about the emotions and intentions of others. While some expressions provide clear...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Characterization of COPII vesicle proteins involved in sorting between the endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus in Sacch[a]romyces cerevisiae.
Membrane proteins -- Physiological transport. ; Carrier proteins. ; Biological transport -- Regulation. ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- Cytology. ; Golgi apparatus. ; Endoplasmic reticulum.
Intracellular transport between the ER and Golgi is mediated by vesicles that bud from donor membranes and then fuse with acceptor membranes. Bi-directional vesicle transport maintains distinct organelle composition through a process known as...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Probing a receptor-binding domain of interleukin-2 by combinatorial cassette mutagenesis.
Interleukin-2. ; Mutagenesis.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Synthetic approaches to indolo[2,3-a]carbazole alkaloids.
Indole alkaloids -- Synthesis. ; Carbazole.
Dartmouth Dissertations

A benzonorbornyl model system for the study of carbocation-[pi] interactions.
Carbocations -- Reactivity. ; Aromatic compounds -- Reactivity.
An important mode of stabilization of cations in biochemical reactions is interaction with the π systems-of aromatic residues. As part of an investigation of the interaction of carbocations with aromatic π systems, a study of various model...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Bilingual and monolingual brains compared: a fMRI study of semantic processing.
Bilingualism -- Physiological aspects. ; Neurolinguistics. Cognition -- Physiological aspects. ; Brain -- Localization of functions.
Does early and sustained experience with two languages in childhood modify how language is processed in the adult bilingual brain? Does extensive exposure to two languages influence language processing in the bilingual brain as compared to...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The mechanism of action for angiotensin-1-7 in the rostral ventrolateral medulla in the modulation of cardiovascular sympathetic nerve activity / by Mark S. Bilodeau
Elevated sympathetic discharge from the CNS is an underlying pathogenic mechanism in neurogenic hypertension and an exacerbating factor in chronic heart failure (CHF). Current treatment of these diseases focuses on attenuation of the downstream...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Biochemical and structural studies of prion protein misfolding / by Geoffrey P. Noble
The transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), also known as the prion diseases, are a unique group of fatal neurodegenerative diseases affecting humans and other mammals that have infectious, inherited and sporadic etiologies. A central...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Biological significance of VIVID photocycle length and the control of gene expression by the Neurospora clock / by Arko Dasgupta
Sensing light from the environment using photoreceptors is of great adaptive significance to eukaryotes. A prominent feature of the photochemistry of these receptors is the photocycle length, the time taken to decay from the initial signaling light...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Patient outcomes and clinical decision making in aortic valve replacement.
Outcome assessment (Medical care). ; Aortic valve -- Surgery -- Complications. ; Aortic valve -- Surgery -- New England. ; Cardiovascular instruments Implanted.
Aortic valve disease is a frequent and serious disorder. Although aortic valve replacement (AVR) is arguably the only effective treatment, important issues remain unresolved in the care of patients with this disease. Recent studies have focused...
Dartmouth Dissertations

A test apparatus for frozen soil in complex stress.
Frozen ground. ; Soil mechanics.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Novel synthetic approaches to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons -- Synthesis.
This research attempts to combine known methodology with new chemistry towards the preparation of extended polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). The generation and Diels-Alder trapping of 1,7- and 2,6-naphthalene bisarynes was attempted for the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

A study of drag forces.
Drag (Aerodynamics). ; Boundary layer control.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Interactions between the carcinogen chromium(VI) and DNA.
DNA. ; Chromium. ; Thiols.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Influence of long-term sensitization on long-term habituation of the acoustic startle response: brain and behavioral manipulations.
Conditioned response. ; Habituation (Neuropsychology). ; Acoustic reflex. ; Startle reaction.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Sensing eye position.
Saccadic eye movements. ; Eye -- Movements. ; Visual perception -- Physiological aspects. ; Senses and sensation.
The oculomotor system needs up-to-date information about eye position in order to make accurate saccades to stimuli in the environment. This thesis investigated how well the oculomotor system uses information about eye position to make a variety of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

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