Dartmouth Digital Library Program

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Combined MRI and near-infrared spectroscopy for increased specificity of breast cancer imaging / by Michael A. Mastanduno.
A yearly breast contrast-MR scan is recommended to high-risk women because of MR's high sensitivity to breast tumors. However, breast contrast-MR yields a high number of false positives that lead to expensive and sometimes unnecessary biopsy...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Crevasse detection in ice sheets using ground penetrating radar and machine learning / by Rebecca M. Williams.
The purpose of this thesis is to describe methods for detecting hidden crevasses on glaciers in Polar regions. Crevasses form in ice sheets as a result of forces imposed upon the brittle ice. The crevasses are hidden from view by bridges of soft...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Security-policy analysis with eXtended unix tools / by Gabriel A. Weaver.
During our fieldwork with real-world organizations---including those in Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), network configuration management, and the electrical power grid---we repeatedly noticed that security policies and related security artifacts...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Opinion dynamics in social networks / by Qi Gu.
Opinion dynamics is a complex procedure that entails a cognitive process when it deals with how a person integrates influential opinions to form revised opinion. Early research on opinion formation and social influence can be traced back to the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Thermodynamic and spectroscopic studies of metalloprotein stability ligation and reactivity / by George P. Lisi III.
Metal ions confer structural stability and reactivity to a large number of proteins that use the amino acids histidine (His) and cysteine (Cys) to form stable metal-ligand complexes. The stability of metal-His and metal-Cys interactions and their...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The cognitive dynamics underlying decision-making : interactions between attention memory and reward in action control / by Kanghoon Jung.
A fundamental question in decision neuroscience is how cognitive processes underlying decision-making give rise to efficient decisions, especially in complex situations with multiple choice options, and each option consisting of multiple attributes...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Image reconstruction optimization and quantification for image-guided luminescent tomography / by Robert William Holt.
Molecular imaging of cancer features is a critical part of advancing better tools for oncology management and drug discovery, yet it is still evolving as a useful tool. Diffuse Fluorescence Tomography (FT) is one approach to molecular imaging, used...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Evaluating mobility predictors in wireless networks for improving handoff and opportunistic routing.
Wireless communication systems. Computer network protocols.
We evaluate mobility predictors in wireless networks. Handoff prediction in wireless networks has long been considered as a mechanism to improve the quality of service provided to mobile wireless users. Most prior studies, however, were based on...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Approximation algorithms for the shortest superstring problem.
Algorithms. Pattern recognition systems.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Brittle failure of columnar S2 ice under triaxial compression.
Ice mechanics. Compressibility. Fracture mechanics. Strains and stresses. Brittleness.
This work describes the effect of triaxial compressive confinement on the strength of columnar S2 ice loaded under conditions leading to brittle failure. Cubes of columnar S2 ice were tested at -10 °C under triaxial (proportional) loading where...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Solute transport in snowpack and isotopic variations of a snowpack and its melt.
Snow -- Composition. Snow -- Mathematical models. Runoff. Hydrogen -- Isotopes. Oxygen -- Isotopes. Radioactive tracers.
Snowmelt from seasonal snow covers can be significant in many environments of northern and alpine areas. Water flow and chemical transport resulting from snowmelt have been studied for an understanding of contributions to watersheds or catchments....
Dartmouth Dissertations

Laser-based oxygen isotopic studies of Acadian metamorphism in eastern Vermont.
Metamorphism (Geology) -- Vermont. Garnet -- Vermont. Laser spectroscopy.
This study presents δ18O analyses of garnets microsampled by laser fluorination from two localities in the deep seated, Barrovian metamorphic terrane of eastern Vermont. The broad goals of the research were to constrain further the amount,...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Reconstructed near infrared diffusion imaging for breast cancer detection.
Infrared imaging. Image reconstruction. Optical images -- Mathematical models. Breast -- Imaging. Infrared radiation in medicine.
Finite element based reconstruction algorithms for optical property profiling in biological tissues have been developed, implemented and evaluated using simulated data and laboratory measurements obtained with near infrared continuous wave (cw) and...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The sapphire Cerenkov laser.
Free electron lasers. Cherenkov radiation. Sapphires. Resonators.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Cinder cone distribution described using cluster analysis and two-dimensional Fourier analysis in the central Transmexican Volcanic Belt, Mexico, and in SE Guatemala and NW El Salvador.
Volcanism -- Mexico. ; Volcanism -- Guatemala. ; Volcanism -- El Salvador. ; Cluster analysis.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Structural and compositional aspects of low-grade metamorphic chlorite.
Chlorites. Metamorphism (Geology). ; Clay -- Analysis -- Maine. ; Clay -- Analysis -- Pennsylvania.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The electric field of an insulated, linear antenna embedded in an electrically dense medium
Antennas (Electronics); ; Thermotherapy. ; Cancer -- Treatment.
Engineers have devised many techniques by which to raise the temperature of a cancer tumor 8 degrees above body temperature. Such treatment is called hyperthermia; experiments in vitro suggest it may be an effective adjunct to standard radition...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Cherenkov imaging and biochemical sensing in vivo during radiation therapy / by Rongxiao Zhang
While Cherenkov emission was discovered more than eighty years ago, the potential applications of imaging this during radiation therapy have just recently been explored. With approximately half of all cancer patients being treated by radiation at...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Imaging performance in advanced small pixel and low light image sensors / by Leo Anzagira
The proliferation of mobile devices and other consumer products has greatly expanded the market for CMOS image sensors. This in turn has promoted a trend of continued improvement in image sensor performance, as companies seek to gain an advantage...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Thermodynamic studies of copper binding to azurin : development and application of a novel method to determine the reduction potential and reduction thermodynamics of metalloproteins / by Molly L. Croteau
Cupredoxins, such as stellacyanin, plastocyanin, amicyanin, rusticyanin, and azurin perform electron transfer (ET) reactions with partner protein(s) in the cell. The role of the redox cofactor in these proteins is played by a copper ion, which...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Link prediction for network data / by Ye Xu
Networks that model relationships in the real world have attracted much attention in the past few years. The "link prediction problem" plays a central role in the network area. In this thesis, we explore the link prediction problem in a...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Historical and functional ecology of rainforest foragers / by Vivek V. Venkataraman
This dissertation examines the behavioral and physiological adaptations employed by modern humans to subsist in tropical rainforests. I employ various theoretical and methodological approaches to test hypotheses using empirical data from African...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Design and control of high-density DC-DC converters for cell balancing and low-voltage power delivery applications / by Christopher Schaef
In a variety of applications spanning mobile devices, performance computing, and even renewable energy and automotive, power management and power delivery are an increasing bottleneck in reducing size and cost, improving reliability, and even...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Environmental and climatic controls on glaciochemistry of near-surface snow in Greenland / by Gifford J Wong
Arctic temperature and precipitation have been rising over recent decades, with implications for Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) mass balance, sea level rise, and thermohaline circulation via Arctic Ocean freshening. However, meteorological station data...
Dartmouth Dissertations

On the origins of cancer cell identity : epigenetic deregulation of cellular states / by Kevin Johnson
The identification of molecular alterations present in cancer is critical to better understand carcinogenesis as well as the clinical trajectories of patients with malignant tumors. Early detection and application of appropriate treatment...
Dartmouth Dissertations

NPC1-mediated trafficking of intracellular cholesterol.
Cholesterol -- Physiological transport. Cholesterol -- Genetic aspects. Cholesterol -- Metabolism. Genetic disorders -- Molecular aspects.
Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) is a neurovisceral disease that causes intracellular accumulation of cholesterol and other lipids. The exact mechanism how the defects in cholesterol trafficking pathways result in the progressive neurological damage is...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The functional roles of the rostral pons in the control of respiration in mammals.
Respiration -- Regulation. ; Cats -- Respiration. ; Rats -- Respiration. ; Pons Varolii -- Physiology.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Building a better trap: the use of iron dithiocarbamate complexes in the in vivo and ex vivo detection and quantification of nitric oxide.
Nitric oxide -- Analysis. ; Dithiocarbamates. ; Iron compounds. ; Organonitrogen compounds. ; Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Nitric oxide is synthesized by living organisms and plays important roles in circulatory, neurological, and immune function. Nitric oxide can also play pathophysiological roles, depending on the amount of the molecule, the presence of other species...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Analysis of reactor configurations for combined anaerobic-aerobic biotreatment of perchloroethylene.
Anaerobic bacteria -- Analysis. ; Biodegradation -- Testing. ; Bacteria Aerobic -- Analysis. ; In situ bioremediation -- Methodology. ; Bioremediation -- Methodology. ; Tetrachloroethylene -- Analysis.
Chlorinated ethenes are ubiquitous environmental pollutants of public concern due to their potential toxicity and carcinogenicity. Under appropriate conditions anaerobic bacteria mediate the dechlorination of perchloroethylene (a common dry...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Hemodynamic effects of an intravenous infusion of a volatile vasodilator.
Vasodilators -- Physiological effect -- Mathematical models. ; Lungs -- Blood-vessels -- Effect of drugs on. ; Hemodynamics. ; Halothane -- Physiological effect. ; Rats -- Respiration. ; Swine -- Respiration.
The use of non-selective vasodilators for the purpose of pulmonary vasodilation has, to date, given mixed results; systemic hypotension has been the limiting factor. Lipid soluble gases (e.g. volatile anesthetics) are capable of inducing smooth...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Theoretical and experimental study of order-packed flexible image-bundles.
Fiber optics. ; Optical fibers. ; Optical transfer function. ; Coupled mode theory. ; Endoscopes.
Flexible fiber scopes are widely used in industry and medicine. Typical scopes are made using conventional optical components and order-packed flexible image bundles. The optical performance of a flexible scope is largely determined by that of the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Decision-analytic approaches to optimizing use of medical tests: methods and applications.
Clinical medicine -- Decision making -- Mathematical models. ; Diagnosis Laboratory. ; Medical screening -- Mathematical models. ; Osteoporosis -- Diagnosis. ; Mycobacterial diseases -- Diagnosis.
This dissertation focuses on the use of decision analysis to study the optimal use of medical tests. The classic threshold model of clinical decision making provides methodological background and motivation for the dissertation. In this model,...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Contributions to brittle compressive failure of ice.
Ice mechanics. ; Fracture mechanics. ; Brittleness. ; Ice -- Compression testing.
The thesis is dedicated to the understanding and characterization of brittle compressive fracture of columnar S2 ice. The work quantifies the strength of fresh-water S2 ice and investigates its characteristic brittle failure modes under biaxial...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Development and quantification of a 3D brain deformation model for model-updated image-guided stereotactic neurosurgery.
Three-dimensional imaging in medicine -- Mathematical models. ; Stereoencephalotomy.
In the past, clinicians skilled at image-guided neurosurgery have relied solely on pre-operative scans for their navigational information. Often in the course of surgery, tissue is purposely retracted/resected or inadvertently moved resulting in a...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Topographic correction of satellite images: theory and application.
Earth sciences -- Remote sensing -- Data processing. ; Remote sensing -- Mathematical models. ; Forests and forestry -- Remote sensing. ; Spectral reflectance. ; Landsat satellites. ; Remote-sensing images -- New Hampshire -- Coos County.
Steep terrain produces a topographic effect in digital satellite data that can make it difficult to distinguish changes in vegetation species or health from changes in illumination geometry. A multiple linear regression analysis of direct solar...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Isotopic evolution of a seasonal snowpack and its melt.
Snow -- Composition. ; Snow -- Mathematical models. ; Snow -- California. ; Snow -- Vermont. ; Stream measurements -- Mathematical models. ; Thawing -- Mathematical models. ; Oxygen -- Isotopes.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Random quantum dynamics : from random quantum circuits to quantum chaos.
Quantum computers. ; Quantum chaos. ; Many-body problem. ; Hamiltonian systems.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Patient outcomes and clinical decision making in aortic valve replacement.
Outcome assessment (Medical care). ; Aortic valve -- Surgery -- Complications. ; Aortic valve -- Surgery -- New England. ; Cardiovascular instruments Implanted.
Aortic valve disease is a frequent and serious disorder. Although aortic valve replacement (AVR) is arguably the only effective treatment, important issues remain unresolved in the care of patients with this disease. Recent studies have focused...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Development of a ruby fluorescence-based surface probe of tribological processes.
Plastics -- Testing. ; Fluorescent probes. ; Temperature measuring instruments. ; Tribology. ; Polytef -- Thermal properties. ; Nylon -- Thermal properties.
This research has established feasibility of surface temperature characterization using ruby fluorescence. Study was performed in pin-on-disk geometry, with balls made of different plastics sliding against the sapphire disk. Fluorescence signal was...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Natural image statistics for digital image forensics.
Image processing -- Statistical methods. Image processing -- Digital techniques. Images
We describe a set of natural image statistics that are built upon two multi-scale image decompositions, the quadrature mirror filter pyramid decomposition and the local angular harmonic decomposition. These image statistics consist of first- and...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Distributed tracking and information-drivien control for mobile sensor networks.
The main research objective of this thesis is to address distributed target tracking for mobile sensor networks. Based on real-life limitations, we are particularly interested in mobile sensors with Limited Sensing Range (LSR). There are three...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Smartphone sensing.
Smartphones. ; Sensor networks.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The role of retinoic acid on CD4+ T cell biology.
T cells.; Tretinoin -- Physiological effect. ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes -- immunology.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Chemical processing of atmospheric inputs by subalpine balsam fir.
Balsam fir. ; Forest ecology. ; Air -- Pollution -- Environmental aspects. ; Plants -- Effect of air pollution on.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Climate and vegetation change in the Himalayan foreland from oxygen and carbon isotope ratios of fossils and paleosol clays and calcite.
Paleoecology -- Himalaya Mountains Region. ; Paleoclimatology -- Himalaya Mountains Region. ; Fossils -- Himalaya Mountains Region. ; Paleopedology -- Himalaya Mountains Region. ; Calcite -- Himalaya Mountains Region. ; Stable isotope tracers.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The effect of stress state on the brittle compressive failure of columnar ice.
Ice mechanics. ; Compressibility. ; Strains and stresses. ; Brittleness. ; Fracture mechanics.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic studies of leaf water.
Plant-water relationships. ; Oxygen -- Isotopes -- Analysis. ; Water -- Composition -- Mathematical models. ; Leaves -- Physiology. ; Plants -- Transpiration.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The metric of visual space.
Space perception -- Measurement. ; Visual perception -- Measurement. ; Visual perception.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Landscape response to climate forcing: quantifying mechanisms and rates of erosion and weathering along an orographically-enhanced climate gradient.
Climatic geomorphology -- Sierra Nevada (California and Nevada). ; Slopes (Physical geography) -- Sierra Nevada (California and Nevada). ; Weathering -- Sierra Nevada (California and Nevada). ; Chemical denudation -- Sierra Nevada (California and...
Landscapes evolve in response to external forcings such as climate and tectonics that influence the pace and patterns of erosion and weathering processes. Furthermore, internal feedbacks between erosion and weathering regulate the expression of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

5-AMINOLEVULINIC-INDUCED PROTOPORPHYRIN.
Brain tumors account for ~2% of all cancers, with gliomas accounting for ~70% of all brain tumors. Evidence suggests that extent of resection provides both a quality of life and survival benefit to patients. Recent work has shown the utility of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

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