Spatial heterogeneity inherent in ecological systems impacts both diversity and community structure. However, little is known about the influence of habitat heterogeneity on temporal variability in communities. I performed several studies to...
The eukaryotic flagellum is a complex organelle that uses the force generated by dynein motors to cause beating motion of the flagellum. The central apparatus of eukaryotic flagella has been implicated in the regulation of dynein-driven motility....
Understanding mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb) accumulation and retention in forest soils is needed to reduce their negative impacts on human and wildlife health. In addition, mercury and lead can be used to characterize the role of soil in terrestrial...
Epithelium -- Tumors -- Genetic aspects.
p53 antioncogene -- Regulation.
Stem cells.
Breast -- Cancer -- Genetic aspects.
Breast -- Cancer -- Etiology.
Medical Terms: TP63 protein, human; Tumor Suppressor Proteins -- genetics; Breast Neoplasms --...
Efforts to elucidate the events that account for breast cancer initiation have focused sharply on a small subset of mammary epithelial cells, referred to in this document at mammary stem cells, whose features may enable them to accumulate and...
Cytokinins regulate broad aspects of plant growth and development, such as cell division, root and shoot growth, chloroplast development, and leaf senescence. Cytokinins are perceived by a signal transduction pathway that involves receptors,...
The neurophysiological examination of auditory-object representations has focused on how early auditory cortical areas code for the spectral and temporal features of auditory objects. The goals of this dissertation was to investigate how auditory...
Circadian rhythms. ; Light -- Physiological effect. ; Temperature -- Physiological effect. ; Photoreceptors. ; Arabidopsis thaliana -- Effect of light on. ; Arabidopsis thaliana -- Effect of temperature on. ; Arabidopsis thaliana -- Genetics. ;...
The synchronization of a circadian clock to the outside environment is a crucial step in the daily life of most organisms. Light and temperature signals help an organism reset its circadian clock. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, a number...
Spot 14 (S14) is a ~17 KD nuclear protein that functions at the transcriptional level to regulate de novo synthesis of fatty acids in liver, brown and white adipose, and. lactating mammary tissues. Localization of the S14 gene to chromosome 11q13.5...
Rats -- Behavior. Sexual behavior in animals. Vagina -- Psychophysiology. Cervix uteri -- Psychophysiology.
The present dissertation examined the contributions of vaginal and cervical stimulation to sexual motivation and reward in female rats. New, more complex behavioral methods such as the display of paced mating behavior and the induction of a...
American beech -- Ecology -- North America -- Mathematical models. Beech bark disease -- Mathematical models. Fungal populations -- Mathematical models. Nonindigenous pests -- Environmental aspects -- Mathematical models.
When a nonnative insect or pathogen becomes established in a forest, outcomes for host trees can range from local or minor effects to regional extirpation. Elevated host mortality is often accompanied by compensatory recruitment by co-occurring...
The retinoids exert potent growth and differentiation effects on normal, embryonic and neoplastic cells. Although retinoids are known to regulate gene transcription through activation of retinoid receptors, the direct target genes of retinoid...
Arsenic -- Toxicology.
Lungs -- Diseases -- Immunological aspects.
Lungs -- Diseases -- Genetic aspects.
Medical Term Arsenic -- toxicity.
Toxic metals are a major health concern in the environment and particularly in Superfund and other toxic waste sites. Arsenic (As) is considered the number one environmental chemical of human health concern both in the U.S. and worldwide. It is...
Understanding trace element homeostasis in plants has a direct impact on global health. Much of the developing world suffers from nutrient deficiencies, and subsists on a plant based diet often lacking bioavailable nutrients like iron and zinc. At...
All cells must organize their cytoplasm in order to carry out functions properly and survive in different environments, and the requirement for organization is increased in large, multinucleate cells. It has long been known that membrane-bound...
Face perception -- Physiological aspects. Face perception -- Social aspects. Sex differences (Psychology). Neuropsychology.
The general objective of the current thesis was to investigate the neural substrates underlying the perception of opposite-sex faces. Building on what is already known about the distributed network of brain areas supporting various dimensions of...
The present thesis is focused on developing a better understanding of factors driving disease biology and overall risk using cancers of the bladder and breast as model systems. As no single approach was likely to unravel the complexities of these...
Urban and suburban development is a dominant factor driving ecological processes at local and regional scales and its impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services are alarming. Pollinators, especially bees, and the ecosystem services they...
Arctic soils in the permafrost region store substantially more carbon than is contained in the atmosphere, and are undergoing rapid change associated with anthropogenic climate change. Soil decomposition is an important component of ecosystem...
The image of a child standing at the side of a creek and skipping stones across it exemplifies how we tend to mentally separate aquatic habitats from dry land. But there is a constant exchange of materials from land to streams, and vice-versa....
Studies presented in this dissertation focus on the transcriptional targets and cellular functions of [Delta]Np63[alpha], the predominant TP63 isoform expressed in epithelial stem cell compartments. TP63, a member of the p53 family of...
Behavior during interracial contact is sometimes positive but often negative. Previous work has examined individual differences, such as racial attitudes and motivations to respond without prejudice, as predictors of behavior during interracial...
The goal of this thesis has been to characterize the mechanisms of anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) modulation of γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA A ) receptors. I used whole cell patch clamp recording to investigate the effects of AAS on...
The expanding global population will need to look to alternative fuel sources in order to meet the increasing demand for transportation fuel, mitigate carbon emissions, and promote energy security. A promising alternative to traditional fossil...
Sexual dimorphism in immune responses suggests that sex steroid hormones are involved in modulating immune mechanisms in vivo . Sepsis-related mortality rates increase after menopause, implicating 17ß-estradiol (estradiol) as an important factor...
Increased fetal hemoglobin (HbF) expression is beneficial for [beta]-hemoglobinopathy patients; however, most inducing agents do not possess the ideal combination of efficacy, safety and availability. Better understanding the mechanisms involved in...
Vaccines are one the greatest advances in public health. Vaccines work by priming cells of the adaptive immune system in such a way that they remember that they have encountered a specific antigen before. This then allows those cells to respond...
Morbidity and complexity involved in lymph node staging via surgical resection and biopsy could ideally be overcome using node assay techniques that are non-invasive. Visible blue dyes, fluorophores and radio-tracers are often used to locate the...
The TP63 gene produces a series of transcription factors as a result of multiple promoter usage and alternative splicing. These protein products are members of the p53 family of transcription factors due to strong structural similarity with...