Health status indicators -- Measurement. Health surveys -- Methodology. Medical economics. Spine -- Diseases.
Several ""health state classification systems"" are available to estimate health state values (HSV) for economic evaluation. Evidence of variation in estimates from different systems raises concern that system choice may affect study conclusions...
Classical threshold theory assumes that a threshold is fixed and immutable. It cannot explain nor predict the underlying mechanisms for any changes in threshold value due to training. However, increased sensitivity to sensory signals through...
Opinion dynamics is a complex procedure that entails a cognitive process when it deals with how a person integrates influential opinions to form revised opinion. Early research on opinion formation and social influence can be traced back to the...
The overarching goal of this thesis was two-fold. First, to determine if the effects of chronic anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) treatment on anxiety-like behaviors are sex-specific and second to determine how different environmental modulators...
It has been well established that physical exercise has broad impacts across the lifespan, including improved cognition, brain function, and mental health. Studies investigating the mechanism underlying the cognitive enhancing effect of exercise...
GABA -- Receptors. Anabolic steroids -- Physiological effect. Androgens -- Physiological effect. Prosencephalon. Neurotransmitters -- Effect of drugs on. Psychoneuroendocrinology.
Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are derivatives of testosterone originally designed for therapeutic applications to enhance anabolic potency (protein synthesis and muscle growth) while exerting low androgenic (masculinizing) effects. The...
Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are synthetic derivatives of the gonadal hormone, testosterone. Despite their many untoward side effects, AAS are wildly abused for their ergogenic properties. AAS have numerous effects on many organ systems,...
Perceptual-motor learning -- Physiological aspects. ; Language acquisition -- Physiological aspects. ; Motor ability -- Physiological aspects. ; Knots and splices.
The studies presented in this dissertation explore several points of intersection between action perception and production within the human brain. One's ability to use perceptual information about another individual's actions to guide and inform...
The performance of machine learning algorithms largely depends on data representation. As a critical step in machine learning, representation learning (feature learning) learns a transformation of training data to give a new representation that can...
Across mammalian species, adolescence is characterized by a unique combination of cognitive, behavioral and neurobiological changes. Behavioral tendencies observed during this period promote a variety of flexible interactions with the surrounding...
One of the most distinctive aspects of humans as a species is our propensity to form complex social networks made up of intense, non-reproductive bonds with non-kin. Navigating these networks presents a considerable cognitive challenge that is...
This dissertation examines the behavioral and physiological adaptations employed by modern humans to subsist in tropical rainforests. I employ various theoretical and methodological approaches to test hypotheses using empirical data from African...
Quality of life -- Evaluation. ; Health status indicators. ; Psychiatric rating scales. ; Mental illness -- Treatment -- Evaluation. ; Mental illness -- Treatment -- Economic aspects. ; Mental illness -- Treatment -- Social aspects.
Background. It is not clear whether a generic quality-of-life instrument can appropriately represent severe mental illness in an economic evaluation. This problem is particularly salient for resource-allocation decisions where policymakers compare...
Community health services -- United States -- Evaluation. ; Health care reform -- United States. ; Medical care -- United States -- Evaluation. ; Evidence-based medicine.
Calanus finmarchicus -- Georges Bank. ; Calanus finmarchicus -- Maine Gulf of. ; Calanus finmarchicus -- North Atlantic Ocean.
Calanus finmarchicus, a kind of marine zooplankton, plays an important ecological role throughout the North Atlantic. Striking seasonal variations exist in its abundance and distribution in the Gulf of Maine/Georges Bank region. On the Bank in...
Intestine, Large -- Cancer -- Epidemiology. ; Intestine.
Colorectal cancer is the fourth most common cancer diagnosis and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Most colorectal cancers are believed to develop from precursor lesions known as colorectal adenomas....
Eating disorders are a persistent problem for women on college campuses across the country, and peer education programs are one method that colleges have employed to address these concerns. A previous study found that peer education is actually...
Problem Statement: Increasing physical activity is a priority for decreasing obesity rates, but we have a limited understanding of which factors are most influential in promoting physical activity among adolescents. We also do not know what forms...
In this study, I examined the interactive effects of prey and physical habitat on foraging, habitat selection, growth, and survival of age-0 Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. I combined field observations of salmon behavior, surveys of habitat and prey...
Nurses -- Health and hygiene. Employee health promotion.
Background. Worksite health promotion programs (HPP) support employees' health behaviors to prevent downstream diseases. Maximizing participation can optimize program impact. Objectives. To assess staff nurses' participation in three HPP - flu...
Radiculitis -- Endocrine aspects. Radiculitis -- Sex factors. Radiculitis -- Pathophysiology. Pain -- Sex factors. Progesterone -- Physiological effect. Cellular signal transduction. Neuregulin-1 -- physiology.
Chronic low back pain is a debilitating and devastating disease affecting millions of people worldwide. Considerable evidence indicates that there are sex-related differences in clinical and experimental pain sensitivity in men and women. Women...
Plants -- Effect of iron on. Iron -- Metabolism -- Molecular aspects. Chloroplasts. Plant mitochondria. Homeostasis. Plant enzymes. Reduction (Chemistry). Iron chelates.
This thesis contains some results concerning groupoid dynamical systems and crossed products. We introduce the notion of a proper groupoid dynamical system and of its generalized fixed point algebra. We show that our notion of proper groupoid...
The goal of this thesis has been to characterize the mechanisms of anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) modulation of γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA A ) receptors. I used whole cell patch clamp recording to investigate the effects of AAS on...
Modifiable Factor Relationships with Biopsychosocial Disability in Multiple Sclerosis
Brant J. Oliver
Problem Statement: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system and is among the most common neurological...
Atlantic salmon -- Growth. Atlantic salmon -- Effect of predation on -- Connecticut River Watershed. Atlantic salmon -- Mortality -- Connecticut River Watershed. Fish populations. Atlantic salmon -- Toxicology -- Connecticut River Watershed. Cottus...
Juvenile, stream-dwelling salmon are a model system for studies of density dependence. However, while salmon exhibit diverse mechanisms and patterns of density dependence, the factors that drive variation in density dependence are not clear. I used...
Computer security has come a long way since the days of the first Internet worm. With the spreading and commercialization of the Internet, the stakes have gotten higher. Viruses existed and spread before most computers were online, but as global...
Kazu Shirakawa, Japan, and James Webb, Antigonish, examine the 32 1/2 pound cod that was landed by Jim during the eight annual Intercollegiate Game Fish Seminar and Fishing Match, which was held at Wedgport, Nova Scotia. The Seminar brings...