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Synthetic studies of Munchnone reactivity and applications and the total synthesis of cyclopenta[B]indole natural products / by Justin M. Lopchuk.
Chapter 1: Munchnones and mesoionic heterocycles The reactivity, regioselectivity, and synthetic applications of munchnones (1,3-oxazolium-5-olates) is a common theme which runs through Chapters 2-5. The definition, structure, and reactivity of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Combined MRI and near-infrared spectroscopy for increased specificity of breast cancer imaging / by Michael A. Mastanduno.
A yearly breast contrast-MR scan is recommended to high-risk women because of MR's high sensitivity to breast tumors. However, breast contrast-MR yields a high number of false positives that lead to expensive and sometimes unnecessary biopsy...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Acquisition and registration of 3D optical surface scanning, MRI, and microwave tomographic imaging for improved clinical breast imaging and surgical planning / by Matthew John Pallone.
Continual improvements to clinical breast imaging technologies have led to ever earlier detections and increasingly accurate localizations of female breast cancers. While these advancements have certainly improved the prognoses of many patients,...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Advancement of magnetic resonance poroelastography for applications in brain imaging / by Adam J. Pattison.
Brain tissue mechanics are an important biomarker for neurological disorders, yet methods to obtain tissue information yield inconsistent conclusions. These techniques can be invasive or require excised tissue, where tissue function is altered from...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Estradiol regulation of innate immune protection in the human female reproductive tract / by Mickey Vinay Patel.
Estradiol is a key regulator of immune protection in the female reproductive tract (FRT). Its concentration varies during the menstrual cycle, leading to changes in innate immune protection. In this thesis, I demonstrate the multiple levels at...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation of paper sludge.
Cellulose -- Biodegradation. Zymomonas mobilis -- Biotechnology. Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- Biotechnology. Fermentation. Hydrolysis. Biomass conversion -- Mathematical models.
Production of fuel ethanol from cellulosic materials is a potentially attractive way to meet sustainability, energy security, and environmental goals. However, the high cost of processing using current technology has thus far prevented...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Alterations in the production of bacteriochlorophyll a and okenone in purple sulfur bacteria : implications for the interpretaion of their biomarkers / by Derek A. Smith.
Purple sulfur bacteria (PSB) can dominate the nitrogen, carbon, and sulfur cycles in anoxic ecosystems via their anoxygenic photosynthetic metabolisms and are the only producers of the carotenoid, okenone, a biomarker targeted for photic zone...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Crevasse detection in ice sheets using ground penetrating radar and machine learning / by Rebecca M. Williams.
The purpose of this thesis is to describe methods for detecting hidden crevasses on glaciers in Polar regions. Crevasses form in ice sheets as a result of forces imposed upon the brittle ice. The crevasses are hidden from view by bridges of soft...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Utilization and health outcomes in a spatial model of the US health care system / by Laura C. Yasaitis.
Objectives: This dissertation comprises three essays on geographic variations in healthcare, and the association between utilization and health outcomes. I first explore associations between outpatient visits and Medicare beneficiaries'...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Brain repair after trauma : birth and migration of immature neurons after focal traumatic brain injury in piglets and human children / by Sabrina Rose Taylor.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of acquired disability in children, yet innate repair mechanisms are incompletely understood. A possible innate mechanism to repair injury after insult is neurogenesis - the birth, migration,...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Chemico-physical and pharmacologic factors that influence delivery of IONPs to tumors in rodent breast cancer models / by Jennifer Tate.
Nanoparticles have made significant advances in recent years in the realm of cancer therapy. These nanoparticles typically range in size from 10-250nm in diameter, allowing for differential systemic-based biodistribution. The enhanced permeability...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Silicon/silicon-germanium quantum dots with single-electron transistor charge sensors / by Mingyun Yuan.
Si/SiGe quantum dots (QDs) are promising candidates for spin-based quantum bits (qubits) as a result of the reduced spin-orbit coupling as well as the Si isotopes with zero nuclear spin. Meanwhile qubit readout is a challenge related to...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Characterization of the role of Bacillithiol in Staphylococcus aureus / by Ana Catalina Posada.
As methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) hospitalizations keep increasing, the understanding of the characteristics that make one isolate more successful over another is paramount. Strain variations among Staphylococcus aureus observed...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Coordination of cell proliferation and cell fate determination by C. elegans CES-1 Snail / by Bo Yan.
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and their associated cyclins are key regulators of cell cycle progression. Caenorhabditis elegans has two predicted A- type cyclins, encoded by the genes cya-1 and cya-2. Cyclin A has been shown to be required for...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Tectonics of the Pacific margin of Northern Central America
Geology, Structural.; Geology -- Central America. ; Plate tectonics -- Pacific Coast (Central America)
Dartmouth Dissertations

Physical disability and the attribution dilemma : perceiving the causes of behavior in social interaction
People with disabilities -- Psychology; Social perception
Dartmouth Dissertations

The role of silver ion in the dimerization of benzocyclobutadiene; Various approaches to tetrakis (triflouromethyl) cyclobutadiene
Cyclobutadiene; Silver ions;
Dartmouth Dissertations

Effects of mesencephalic reticular formation and mesencephalic auditory pathway lesions on long- and short-term habituation processes in the rat.
Habituation (Neuropsychology) Mesencephalon. Rats as laboratory animals.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Amine catalysis of B-elimination reactions.
Catalysis. Chemical reactions. Amines.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Biochemistry of dioxygenated triterpenoids and steroids.
Cholesterol. Squalene. Steroids.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Evaluation and engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for cellulase expression and growth on insoluble cellulose.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- Genetics. Cellulase -- Biotechnology. Cellulose -- Biotechnology. Biomass conversion -- Technological innovations.
Dartmouth Dissertations

Identification of the glucose transport system in purified rat adipose cell plasma membranes
Glucose -- Metabolism. Insulin -- Physiological effect.
Dartmouth Dissertations

The effect of microstructure on firn gas transport / by Kaitlin M. Keegan
The processes affecting gas transport through the firn column are important to understand in order to accurately interpret climate records from ice cores. Historically, density measurements have been used to estimate open and closed porosity in the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Characterization of an inducible model of a genetic prion disease in Drosophila melanogaster / by Archana Murali.
Prion diseases are progressive disorders that affect the central nervous system leading to memory loss, personality changes, ataxia and neurodegeneration. In humans, these disorders include Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, kuru and...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The SERM, Arzoxifene, and the rexinoid, LG100268, cooperate to prevent estrogen receptor-positive and -negative breast cancer as well as colon cancer.
Estrogen -- Receptors -- Regulation. Selective estrogen receptor modulators. Receptor-ligand complexes. Breast -- Cancer -- Chemoprevention. Colon (Anatomy) -- Cancer -- Chemoprevention.
We have previously shown that the selective estrogen receptor modulator, Arzoxifene (Arz), and the rexinoid, LG100268 (268) synergistically prevent breast cancer in an ER+ breast cancer model. This study was designed to determine the mechanism of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Microbial mediation of plant-pollinator interactions / by Robert N. Schaeffer II.
Floral nectar of many plant species is prone to colonization by microorganisms. Their presence and metabolism have the potential to modify a suite of traits important for pollinator attraction, including nectar quality and scent. However, studies...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Role of the Menin-MLL1 interaction in normal hematopoiesis and leukemia / by Bin Li.
Leukemia represents a small percentage of human cancer, accounting for about 5% of all cases of cancer in adults, but, interestingly, for about 50% of all cases of cancer in children. The behavior of leukemia is often regulated by the chromosomal...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Understanding PDZ affinity and selectivity: all residues considered / by Jeanine F. Amacher.
PDZ protein-protein interaction domains recognize short linear motif (SLiM) sequences typically at the extreme C-terminus of a target protein. These domains often act as scaffolds, connecting target proteins to additional interaction and catalytic...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The role of DEG/ENaC ion channel subunits in pheromone detection and mating behaviors in Drosophila melanogaster / by Vinoy Vijayan.
Gustatory pheromones regulate mating behaviors in Drosophila melanogaster and represent an important model for understanding how sensory stimuli can drive behavior. However, the genes and cells involved in pheromone detection have remained poorly...
Dartmouth Dissertations

In vivo degradation in modern orthopaedic UHMWPE bearings and structural characterization of a novel alternative UHMWPE material / by Steven D. Reinitz.
Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) remains the most common bearing material for total joint arthroplasty. Advances in radiation cross-linking and other post-consolidation treatments have led to a rapid differentiation of polyethylene...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Temperature effects on food web interactions : from lakes to landscapes / by Samuel Butler Fey.
Temperature has powerful effects on all scales of biological organization from biochemical reactions to ecosystem processes. Despite the well-appreciated influence and thorough understanding of the physiological and population consequences of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Multimodal electroencephalography and near-infrared spectroscopy neuroimaging measurement and analysis / by Paolo Giacometti
This project focuses on the development of research tools and methods that are used to study the relationship between neural activity and subsequent hemodynamic responses in the human brain. This relationship, referred to as neurovascular coupling,...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Towards the experimental verification of macroscopic phenomena in quantum electrodynamics.
Casimir effect. Zero-point field. Electric conductivity. Quantum electrodynamics.
The Casimir force arises from an alteration of boundary condition in vacuum and is often regarded as a manifestation of quantum zero point energy. Considerable progress has been made in the last decade with an impressive achievement of experimental...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Leptin DNA methylation and maternal and infant pregnancy outcomes in the Rhode Island child health study / by Corina Lesseur Perez.
In utero exposure to maternal malnutrition is associated with increase offspring susceptibility to cardiometabolic and neuropsychiatric disease. Epigenetic mechanisms mediate, at least in part, fetal adaptations to adverse in utero environments...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Memory consolidation in temporal lobe epilepsy / by Ali Seçkin Titiz.
Epilepsy is associated with cognitive impairments which often manifest as a higher prevalence of memory impairments. Memory impairments in patients with epilepsy may persist even with sufficient control of seizures, suggesting other factors may...
Dartmouth Dissertations

MLL1 plays an essential role in steady-state hematopoiesis and B Lymphopoiesis / by Tao Gan.
The Mixed Lineage Leukemia (MLL1) gene was first cloned as a hot spot of chromosomal translocations in acute leukemia. More than 70 fusion proteins of MLL1 have been described in both lymphoid and myeloid leukemia and many are highly associated...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Sex-specific interactions of anabolic androgenic steroids with voluntary exercise and chronic alcohol consumption on anxiety-like behaviors in mice (Mus musculus) / by Marie Morenike Onakomaiya.
The overarching goal of this thesis was two-fold. First, to determine if the effects of chronic anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) treatment on anxiety-like behaviors are sex-specific and second to determine how different environmental modulators...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Constitutively activated PI3K signaling accelerates tumor initiation and progression in breast and lung cancers / by Mee Rie Sheen.
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is a major positive regulator of the PI3K signaling pathway that regulates many important cellular functions including growth, proliferation, survival, metabolism, and angiogenesis. The PIK3CA gene, encoding the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Quantifying optical tomography methods for biomolecular sensing / by Jennifer-Lynn H. Demers.
Diffuse optical imaging techniques can be combined with standard imaging technologies such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to allow measurement of spectroscopic signals pertaining to the molecular components of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The role of gut commensals in regulating susceptibility to acute liver damage / by Stela Celaj.
Liver disease of different etiologies confers significant morbidity and mortality and hence it constitutes a major health concern worldwide. Stemming from a range of causes, such as viral, drug-induced, alcoholic, or autoimmune, the rate of...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Links and regulatory loops between phospholipase C activity and colonization by the O2-responsive regulator Anr in Pseudomonas aeruginosa / by Angelyca A. Jackson.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a virulent opportunistic pathogen that is frequently cultured from infectious sites, and is estimated to cause ~12% of nosocomial infections worldwide [1]. P. aeruginosa infections occur in a majority of adults with the...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Thermodynamic and spectroscopic studies of metalloprotein stability ligation and reactivity / by George P. Lisi III.
Metal ions confer structural stability and reactivity to a large number of proteins that use the amino acids histidine (His) and cysteine (Cys) to form stable metal-ligand complexes. The stability of metal-His and metal-Cys interactions and their...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The employment of people with severe mental illness / by Alison E. Luciano.
Study 1 This systematic review aimed to synthesize the emerging body of work on the impact of employment, with a focus on prospective cohort studies. Researchers identified relevant studies for review via PubMed, expert referral, and reference...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Exercise and the brain : impacts on cognition neural function and mental health / by Andrea M. Robinson.
It has been well established that physical exercise has broad impacts across the lifespan, including improved cognition, brain function, and mental health. Studies investigating the mechanism underlying the cognitive enhancing effect of exercise...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Modulation of swarming motility in Pseudomonas aeruginosa / by Dae Gon Ha.
Swarming motility is a flagella-dependent surface motility, and is also a form of bacterial group behavior. Similar to its counterpart biofilm formation, our understanding of swarming motility has been hampered by its complex set of requirements...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Computational methods for the discovery and application of protein sequence-structure-function relationships / by Lu He.
Proteins are ubiquitous in cells and are essential to a wide range of biological processes. Since existing proteins occupy only a small portion of the space of possible amino acid composition, understanding their sequence-structure-function...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The role of mediator in white-opaque switching / by Anda Zhang.
The multisubunit eukaryotic Mediator complex integrates diverse positive and negative gene regulatory signals and transmits them to the core transcription machinery. It is also involved in chromatin structure related epigenetic silencing through...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Small molecule modulation of morphology and metabolism in Candida albicans / by Allia Kaye Smith
Candida albicans is a fungal species that naturally exists as a commensal member of the human microbiota, but can assume a pathogenic lifestyle and subsequently induce life-threatening systemic infections. The ability of the fungus to grow in...
Dartmouth Dissertations

Shared decision making for people with severe mental illness.
Mentally ill -- Care -- Decision making. Mental illness -- Treatment -- Decision making. Mental health services -- Decision making. Mental health -- Information services. Medical informatics. Mental Disorders -- drug therapy.
Objective. We explored preferences and perceptions about treatment decision-making roles among persons with severe mental illness and evaluated two computer-based medication values clarification tools. Methods. In this study we conducted a pilot...
Dartmouth Dissertations

The quantum-to-classical transition in strongly interacting nanoscale systems / by Latchezar Latchezarov Benatov.
This thesis comprises two separate but related studies, dealing with two strongly interacting nanoscale systems on the border between the quantum and classical domains. In Part 1, we use a Born-Markov approximated master equation approach to study...
Dartmouth Dissertations

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