Novel biotherapeutics have reshaped drug discovery and promise a continued revolution in disease therapy, yet therapeutic proteins present unique design challenges. One distinguishing risk factor is the prospect of eliciting an adaptive immune...
Serotonergic and non-serotonergic neurons located in the medullary raphe region of the mammalian brainstem are involved in numerous physiological processes. Concerning respiration, neurons in this region have been found to be chemosensitive, i.e.,...
Mitotic apparatuses from sea urchin embryos contain a protein (p62), previously shown to be required for mitotic progression. This protein localizes to the mitotic apparatus during cell division in urchin embryos and mammalian tissue culture cells....
Outcome assessment (Medical care). ; Aortic valve -- Surgery -- Complications. ; Aortic valve -- Surgery -- New England. ; Cardiovascular instruments Implanted.
Aortic valve disease is a frequent and serious disorder. Although aortic valve replacement (AVR) is arguably the only effective treatment, important issues remain unresolved in the care of patients with this disease. Recent studies have focused...
Social perception -- Physiological aspects. ; Prefrontal cortex -- Physiology.
From the most minimal of person information, such as a photograph or a sentence, people are able to rapidly infer a multitude of complex personality traits. These social inferences are thought to rely upon cognitive representations of person...
One of the important challenges facing image-guided neurosurgery is the fact that the brain deforms significantly over the course of an operation during open-cranial procedures. This results in a loss of registration between the brain and the...
Muscle proteins. Myosin -- Structure-activity relationships. Kinesin -- Structure-activity relationships. Mechanism of action (Biochemistry). Molecular Motor Proteins.
Protein motors, such as kinesin and myosin, use chemical energy in the form of ATP to physically move along filaments and perform complex mechanical tasks in the cell, such as intracellular transport, cell division and muscle contraction. Myosin...
Purple sulfur bacteria (PSB) can dominate the nitrogen, carbon, and sulfur cycles in anoxic ecosystems via their anoxygenic photosynthetic metabolisms and are the only producers of the carotenoid, okenone, a biomarker targeted for photic zone...
Molecular optical imaging in vivo has potential for functional assessment of tumor tissue at the cellular and subcellular level. Advances in biological understanding of genomics and proteomics have increased the knowledge of possible cellular...
Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are susceptible to respiratory tract infections at an early age; with the most frequent initial isolate being the Gram-positive pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Subsequently, these patients become chronically...
After decades of searching we have yet to find the progenitor systems for type Ia supernovae. In fact most of what we know about this homogeneous class of supernovae is from spectral features associated with the incinerated remains of the C+O white...
Access control is a core component of any information-security strategy. Researchers have spent tremendous energy over the past forty years defining abstract access-control models and proving various properties about them. However, surprisingly...
Prion diseases are progressive disorders that affect the central nervous system leading to memory loss, personality changes, ataxia and neurodegeneration. In humans, these disorders include Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, kuru and...
Estrogen -- Receptors -- Regulation. Selective estrogen receptor modulators. Receptor-ligand complexes. Breast -- Cancer -- Chemoprevention. Colon (Anatomy) -- Cancer -- Chemoprevention.
We have previously shown that the selective estrogen receptor modulator, Arzoxifene (Arz), and the rexinoid, LG100268 (268) synergistically prevent breast cancer in an ER+ breast cancer model. This study was designed to determine the mechanism of...
Fluorescence molecular imaging will have an important clinical impact in the area of guided oncology surgery, where emerging technologies are poised to provide the surgeon with real-time molecular information to guide resection, using targeted...
Loss of vascular smooth muscle cell function is a hallmark of vascular disease. Vascular smooth muscle cells become increasingly resistant to phenotypic modulation, apoptotic and senescent. Sirtuin 1 (SirT1) is a deactylase that regulates...
Gustatory pheromones regulate mating behaviors in Drosophila melanogaster and represent an important model for understanding how sensory stimuli can drive behavior. However, the genes and cells involved in pheromone detection have remained poorly...
Studies presented in this dissertation focus on the transcriptional targets and cellular functions of [Delta]Np63[alpha], the predominant TP63 isoform expressed in epithelial stem cell compartments. TP63, a member of the p53 family of...
Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) remains the most common bearing material for total joint arthroplasty. Advances in radiation cross-linking and other post-consolidation treatments have led to a rapid differentiation of polyethylene...
Epilepsy is associated with cognitive impairments which often manifest as a higher prevalence of memory impairments. Memory impairments in patients with epilepsy may persist even with sufficient control of seizures, suggesting other factors may...
The need for social connection is a pervasive and powerful human drive. When this fundamental need is not fulfilled, people place greater emphasis on forming social bonds and are motivated to behave in ways consistent with accomplishing these...
The auroral zone is a rich source of natural radio emissions that can be observed in space and at ground-level. By studying these waves, scientists can gain insight into the plasma processes that generate them and use the near-Earth space...
Mentally ill -- Care -- Decision making. Mental illness -- Treatment -- Decision making. Mental health services -- Decision making. Mental health -- Information services. Medical informatics. Mental Disorders -- drug therapy.
Objective. We explored preferences and perceptions about treatment decision-making roles among persons with severe mental illness and evaluated two computer-based medication values clarification tools. Methods. In this study we conducted a pilot...
G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) make up somewhere between 30-50% of all current drug targets, yet the structural characterization of these receptors has been moderate at best. Until recently, structural data were almost nonexistent and...
This thesis describes the synthesis of sulfobetaines having the general structure $\rm RN\sp{+}(CH\sb3)\sb2(CH\sb2)\sb{x}SO\sb{3\sp{-}}$ as novel inhibitors of squalene synthase. Squalene synthase reductively couples two molecules of farnesyl...